{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:22:50Z","timestamp":1791915770026,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and mastitis caused by Pasteurella (P.) multocida, Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and Streptococcus (Str.) agalactiae are important ailments of the dairy industry especially in South Asia. The present study evaluates the efficacy of a locally prepared hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) and mastitis combined vaccine. To this end, a total of 70 HS, S. aureus and Str. agalactiae-free lactating (early stage of lactation) buffaloes (n = 45) and cows (n = 25), and 50 lactating (early stage of lactation) cows (n = 25) and buffaloes (n = 25) positive for S. aureus\/Str. agalactiae were subjected to two doses of HS\u2013mastitis combined vaccine with an interval of 21 days. Antibody response was monitored by ELISA up to six months (180 days). Antibody titers against HS and mastitis were significantly (p \u02c2 0.05) higher in vaccinated groups as compared to the non-vaccinated groups. Cumulative mean somatic cell counts and mastitis severity scores in vaccinated groups were significantly lower (p &lt; 0.05), and milk yield was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) than those in the respective non-vaccinated controls. In conclusion, Montanide\u00ae-adjuvanted HS\u2013mastitis combined vaccine showed significant immunogenic effects in dairy cows and buffaloes. However, challenge studies remain overdue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12060706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T12:58:36Z","timestamp":1647003516000},"page":"706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efficacy Evaluation of a Combined Hemorrhagic Septicemia\u2013Mastitis Vaccine in Dairy Cows and Buffaloes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"family":"Qudratullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Cholistan University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghulam","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq","family":"Jamil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 07743 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imaad","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5338-5624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qudrat","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan 29111, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Saqib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00248","article-title":"A Participatory Investigation of Bovine Health and Production Issues in Pakistan","volume":"7","author":"Ghafar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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