{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T19:35:31Z","timestamp":1780083331607,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,24]],"date-time":"2022-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650758400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFD1300301-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1300301-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, China","award":["ZX1907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZX1907"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The study evaluated the effects of dry and wet solid-state fermented wheat bran (FWB) on growth performance, immune function, intestinal morphology and microflora in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged broiler chickens. The experiment was designed as a 2 \u00d7 3 factorial arrangement. A total of 252 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broiler chickens were randomly allocated to 1 of 6 treatments: basal diet + sterile saline (negative control, NC), basal diet + LPS (positive control, PC), 7% dry FWB + sterile saline (FWB-I), 7% dry FWB + LPS (FWB-II), 7% wet FWB + sterile saline (FWB-III) and 7% wet FWB + LPS (FWB-IV), with containing 6 replicate cages\/treatment and 7 broiler chickens\/cage, and the experimental period lasted for 42 days. Broilers were intraperitoneally injected with either 0.5 mg LPS or sterile saline solution per kg body weight at 16, 18 and 20 d of age. Growth performance, serum immunological parameters and indicators related to intestinal health were analyzed on days 21 and 42. Compared with NC, dry and wet FWB significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) average daily feed intake of days 21 to 42, and increased (p &lt; 0.05) the villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio of ileum on day 21, decreased (p = 0.101) the jejunum crypt depth and decreased (p &lt; 0.05) the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts of the cecum digesta on day 42. Compared with NC, FWB-II and FWB-IV significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) the levels of serum total protein and globulin on day 21; compared with the basal diet groups, dry and wet FWB groups significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) glucose levels on day 21, and wet FWB significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05) alanine aminotransferase levels on day 42. Compared with PC and FWB-II, FWB-IV significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) the level of serum immunoglobulin G on day 21. Compared with PC and FWB-II, FWB-IV significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05) the levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1\u03b2 and acute C reactive protein (CRP) on day 21; compared with FWB-III, FWB-IV significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05) the levels of IL-6, IL-8, CRP and tumor necrosis factor alpha on day 42, but the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) on days 21 and 42. These results indicated that supplementing 7% dry or wet FWB can improve growth performance and serum immune functions of broilers, which effectively alleviate the LPS-challenged damage, and wet FWB had a better effect than dry FWB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12091100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,24]],"date-time":"2022-04-24T22:22:41Z","timestamp":1650838961000},"page":"1100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effects of Solid-State Fermented Wheat Bran on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Intestinal Morphology and Microflora in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Broiler Chickens"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jishan","family":"An","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China"},{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuanbo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aike","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beibei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9289-4405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianhua","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101173","article-title":"An overview of health challenges in alternative poultry production systems","volume":"100","author":"Dittoe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. 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