{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T07:09:23Z","timestamp":1787728163071,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Camisea Socio-Economic Development Fund (FOCAM)","award":["012.2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["012.2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The morphological quality and the in vitro developmental competence of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) collected from in vivo or slaughtered alpacas was compared. COCs were recovered from ovarian follicles using: (i) manual aspiration in ovaries of alpacas (n = 15) sacrificed at a local slaughterhouse, or (ii) transrectal ultrasound-guided follicular aspiration (or ovum-pick-up, OPU) in live alpacas (n = 13) 4 days after the administration of an ovarian superstimulation protocol (200 UI eCG). COCs recovered from both groups were morphologically evaluated and graded. Grade I to III COCs were in vitro matured for 26 h and in vitro fertilized afterwards for 20 h using fresh alpaca epididymal spermatozoa. Presumptive zygotes from both groups were in vitro cultured for 7 days. The proportion of COCs recovered over the total number of follicles punctured was similar between groups, but the mean number of COCs collected from individual ovaries was greater (p &lt; 0.05) in slaughterhouse ovaries. A significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) percentage of low-quality COCs (grades III and IV) and a lower (p &lt; 0.05) percentage of grade I COCs was obtained using OPU. The number of blastocysts, regarding cleavage and COCs collected, was higher (p &lt; 0.007 and p &lt; 0.0002 respectively) for COCs collected by OPU; however, the total number of blastocysts per female did not differ between groups. We can conclude that the recovery rate and morphological quality of COCs was significantly higher when follicles were manually aspirated from slaughterhouse alpaca ovaries; however, a statistically higher developmental potential was observed in oocytes collected by OPU from live alpaca donors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12091102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T21:16:28Z","timestamp":1650921388000},"page":"1102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Oocyte Quality, In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Development of Alpaca Oocytes Collected by Ultrasound-Guided Follicular Aspiration or from Slaughterhouse Ovaries"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Leandra","family":"Landeo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnologies, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica 09001, Peru"},{"name":"Vicepresidencia de Investigaci\u00f3n, Universidad Nacional de Moquegua, Moquegua 18001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Zu\u00f1iga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnologies, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica 09001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teddy","family":"Gastelu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnologies, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica 09001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marino","family":"Artica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnologies, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica 09001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive Biotechnologies, Faculty of Engineer Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, Huancavelica 09001, Peru"},{"name":"Vicepresidencia de Investigaci\u00f3n, Universidad Nacional de Moquegua, Moquegua 18001, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Science and Public Health, Faculty of Natural Resources, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile"},{"name":"N\u00facleo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Producci\u00f3n Alimentaria, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Temuco, Temuco 4780000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo H.","family":"Ratto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2016.04.027","article-title":"Recent advances in in vitro embryo production in small ruminants","volume":"86","author":"Paramio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731119002775","article-title":"Review: Recent advances in bovine in vitro embryo production: Reproductive biotechnology history and methods","volume":"14","author":"Kielland","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2017.00190","article-title":"Production, preservation and transfer of South American Camelid embryos","volume":"4","author":"Trasorras","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. 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