{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T10:30:16Z","timestamp":1789986616311,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Austrian Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs"},{"name":"National Foundation for Research, Technology and Development"},{"name":"BIOMIN Holding GmbH"},{"name":"Open Access Funding"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Feeding with high-concentrate diets increases the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). This experiment was conducted to evaluate whether supplementing a phytogenic feed additive based on L-menthol, thymol, eugenol, mint oil (Mentha arvensis) and cloves powder (Syzygium aromaticum) (PHY) can amend the ruminal fermentation profile, modulate the risk of SARA and reduce inflammation in cattle. The experiment was designed as a crossover design with nine non-lactating Holstein cows, and was conducted in two experimental runs. In each run, cows were fed a 100% forage diet one week (wk 0), and were then transitioned stepwise over one week (0 to 65% concentrate, wk adapt.) to a high concentrate diet that was fed for 4 weeks. Animals were fed diets either with PHY or without (CON). The PHY group had an increased ruminal pH compared to CON, reduced time to pH &lt; 5.8 in wk 3, which tended to decrease further in wk 4, reduced the ruminal concentration of D-lactate, and tended to decrease total lactate (wk 3). In wk 2, PHY increased acetate, butyrate, isobutyrate, isovalerate, and the acetate to propionate ratio compared to CON. Phytogenic supplementation reduced inflammation compared to CON in wk 3. Overall, PHY had beneficial effects on ruminal fermentation, reduced inflammation, and modulated the risk of SARA starting from wk 3 of supplementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12091201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]],"date-time":"2022-05-06T14:49:38Z","timestamp":1651848578000},"page":"1201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Supplementing a Phytogenic Feed Additive Modulates the Risk of Subacute Rumen Acidosis, Rumen Fermentation and Systemic Inflammation in Cattle Fed Acidogenic Diets"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7384-4915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul","family":"Rivera-Chacon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9304-2351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ezequias","family":"Castillo-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0117-9407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Ricci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8209-8261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renee M.","family":"Petri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2000 College Street, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9207-452X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Reisinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOMIN Research Center, BIOMIN Holding GmbH, 3430 Tulln, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qendrim","family":"Zebeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock, Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7761","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19890","article-title":"Models to predict the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows based on dietary and cow factors: A meta-analysis","volume":"104","author":"Khorrami","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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