{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T23:52:16Z","timestamp":1778716336881,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002850","name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11170820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11170820"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002850","name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21170749"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21170749"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002850","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigation y Desarrollo (ANID, Chile)","award":["11170820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11170820"]}]},{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigation y Desarrollo (ANID, Chile)","award":["21170749"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21170749"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our study compared the behavior of prepartum dairy cows that either remained in an outdoor paddock until calving (OP) during winter or were moved to an indoor maternity pen either early (EM) or late (LM) relative to calving. Forty-two multiparous Holstein cows were divided into three treatments (OP, EM, or LM) and monitored from 3 weeks before to 1.5 h after calving. Cows in EM and LM were moved to a maternity pen starting at week three and week one before the expected calving date, respectively. We assessed the cleanliness of the cows at calving, immunoglobulin G concentration in colostrum, and the behavior and vitality of calves across treatments. Cows spent more time lying in EM compared to OP and LM during the weeks \u22123 and \u22122 relative to calving, but lying time was increased in LM cows compared with OP cows during the week \u22121 relative to calving. Prepartum rumination time was lowest in OP cows but not different between EM or LM. Calves from OP cows spent more time lying and had lower vitality after calving than those from LM and EM cows, respectively; calves from EM and LM cows were intermediate for lying and vitality, respectively, but did not differ from either group. The cleanliness was greatest in cows that calved indoors (EM or LM); nevertheless, precalving management did not affect the IgG concentration in colostrum. Our study demonstrates that, in comparison with OP, EM and LM have positive implications for the welfare of the dam and its newborn calf during winter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12121506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T10:49:14Z","timestamp":1654771754000},"page":"1506","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Time Spent in a Maternity Pen during Winter Influences Cow and Calf Behavior in Pasture-Based Dairy Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9758-0501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabiola","family":"Matamala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Graduados, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Alimentarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1830-4697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Henr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Farmacolog\u00eda y Morfofisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3349-0977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Sep\u00falveda-Varas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Cl\u00ednicas Veterinarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2820","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.7392820x","article-title":"Impact of changes in organic nutrient metabolism on feeding the transition dairy cow","volume":"73","author":"Grummer","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4101","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2326","article-title":"Invited review: The welfare of dairy cattle\u2014Key concepts and the role of science","volume":"92","author":"Rushen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5021","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2012-5463","article-title":"Board Invited Review: The importance of the gestation period for welfare of calves: Maternal stressors and difficult births1","volume":"90","author":"Arnott","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2003.08.004","article-title":"Animal welfare implications of neonatal mortality and morbidity in farm animals","volume":"168","author":"Mellor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5317","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-5609","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the effect of pregrazing pasture mass on pasture intake, milk production, and grazing behavior of dairy cows strip-grazing temperate grasslands","volume":"95","author":"Delagarde","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zobel, G., Proudfoot, K., Cave, V., Huddart, F., and Webster, J. (2020). The Use of Hides during and after Calving in New Zealand Dairy Cows. Animals, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10122255"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2021.105475","article-title":"Prepartum factors associated with postpartum diseases in pasture-based dairy cows","volume":"196","author":"Strappini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1071\/AN18569","article-title":"Effect of weather on activity and lying behaviour in clinically healthy grazing dairy cows during the transition period","volume":"60","author":"Hendriks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. Prod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"New Zealand National Animal Welfare Advisory Committee (2019). Code of Welfare: Dairy Cattle, New Zealand National Animal Welfare Advisory Committee."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.2020.1721034","article-title":"Assessing whether dairy cow welfare is \u201cbetter\u201d in pasture-based than in confinement-based management systems","volume":"68","author":"Mee","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Z. Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2018.10.007","article-title":"Maternal Behavior and Design of the Maternity Pen","volume":"35","author":"Proudfoot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2004.06.011","article-title":"Behavioral needs of the transition cow and considerations for special needs facility design","volume":"20","author":"Cook","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4414","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2586","article-title":"An advisory tool to improve management practices affecting calf and heifer welfare on dairy farms","volume":"93","author":"Vasseur","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2004.06.001","article-title":"Managing the dairy cow at calving time","volume":"20","author":"Mee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022029920000539","article-title":"Management practices that influence the welfare of calves on small family farms","volume":"87","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2011.09.001","article-title":"Effect of a difficult calving on the vigour of the calf, the onset of maternal behaviour, and some behavioural indicators of pain in the dam","volume":"103","author":"Barrier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prev. Vet. Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2012.07.031","article-title":"The impact of dystocia on dairy calf health, welfare, performance and survival","volume":"195","author":"Barrier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-6000","article-title":"Effect of moving dairy cows at different stages of labor on behavior during parturition","volume":"96","author":"Proudfoot","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2006.06.009","article-title":"Effects of shelter and body condition on the behaviour and physiology of dairy cattle in winter","volume":"105","author":"Tucker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600031948","article-title":"Assessment of welfare from physiological and behavioural responses of New Zealand dairy cows exposed to cold and wet conditions","volume":"17","author":"Webster","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim. Welf."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600001858","article-title":"Responses to short-term exposure to simulated rain and wind by dairy cattle: Time budgets, shelter use, body temperature and feed intake","volume":"19","author":"Clark","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anim. Welf."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3508","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19439","article-title":"Provision of shelter during the prepartum period: Effects on behavior, blood analytes, and health status in dairy cows in winter","volume":"104","author":"Cartes","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11782","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18629","article-title":"Association of prepartum lying time with nonesterified fatty acids and stillbirth in prepartum dairy heifers and cows","volume":"103","author":"Menichetti","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Dyk, P. (1995). The Association of Prepartum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids and Body Condition with Peripartum Health Problems on 95 Michigan Dairy Farms. [Mater\u2019s Thesis, Michigan State University]."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1080\/17445647.2016.1259592","article-title":"Climatic regionalisation of continental Chile","volume":"13","author":"Sarricolea","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Maps"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2695","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(94)77212-X","article-title":"Principal Descriptors of Body Condition Score in Holstein Cows","volume":"77","author":"Ferguson","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11972","article-title":"Muddy conditions reduce hygiene and lying time in dairy cattle and increase time spent on concrete","volume":"100","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"NRC (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, The National Academies Press. [7th rev. ed.]."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5129","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2945","article-title":"Evaluation of data loggers, sampling intervals, and editing techniques for measuring the lying behavior of dairy cattle","volume":"93","author":"Ledgerwood","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2013.10.014","article-title":"Automated measurement of lying behavior for monitoring the comfort and welfare of lactating dairy cows","volume":"158","author":"Mattachini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6052","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2361","article-title":"Technical note: Validation of a system for monitoring rumination in dairy cows","volume":"92","author":"Schirmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2014-8726","article-title":"The effect of housing on calving behavior and calf vitality in Holstein and Jersey dairy cows","volume":"98","author":"Campler","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12584","article-title":"BORIS: A free, versatile open-source event-logging software for video\/audio coding and live observations","volume":"7","author":"Friard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2012.04.002","article-title":"Behaviour around the time of calving in dairy cows","volume":"139","author":"Jensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2005.227.1297","article-title":"Association between hygiene scores and somatic cell scores in dairy cattle","volume":"227","author":"Reneau","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bates, D., M\u00e4chler, M., Bolker, B., and Walker, S. (2015). Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4. J. Stat. Softw., 67.","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5468","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0494","article-title":"Effects of Bedding Quality on Lying Behavior of Dairy Cows","volume":"90","author":"Fregonesi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-14792","article-title":"Effects of 3 surface types on dairy cattle behavior, preference, and hygiene","volume":"102","author":"Cave","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Black, R., and Krawczel, P. (2016). A Case Study of Behaviour and Performance of Confined or Pastured Cows During the Dry Period. Animals, 6.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani6070041"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-18074","article-title":"Invited review: Lying time and the welfare of dairy cows","volume":"104","author":"Tucker","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7398","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2019-16532","article-title":"The effect of transition cow housing on lying and feeding behavior in Holstein dairy cows","volume":"102","author":"Campler","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(02)00240-X","article-title":"The effects of surface type on lying behaviour and stress responses of dairy cows during periodic weather-induced removal from pasture","volume":"81","author":"Fisher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Radostits, O.M., Gay, C.C., Hinchcliff, K.W., and Constable, P.D. (2007). Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs and Goats, Saunders Ltd. [10th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4544","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2011-5064","article-title":"Relationships between rumination time, metabolic conditions, and health status in dairy cows during the transition period1","volume":"90","author":"Soriani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3635","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2013-7709","article-title":"Rumination time around calving: An early signal to detect cows at greater risk of disease","volume":"97","author":"Calamari","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2007.03.015","article-title":"Maternal behavior in cattle","volume":"52","author":"Weary","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(97)84632-X","article-title":"The effect of amniotic fluid ingestion on the nociception of cows","volume":"62","author":"Hurnik","year":"1997","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(86)90004-3","article-title":"Maternal influence on defecation and urination in the newborn calf","volume":"16","author":"Metz","year":"1986","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-3472(70)80039-2","article-title":"Studies on natural suckling in cattle during the first eight hours post partum II. Behavioural studies (calves)","volume":"18","author":"Selman","year":"1970","journal-title":"Anim. Behav."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2007.02.003","article-title":"Assessment of positive emotions in animals to improve their welfare","volume":"92","author":"Boissy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2012-6016","article-title":"Short communication: Use of a mechanical brush by Holstein dairy cattle around parturition","volume":"96","author":"Newby","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2013.11.003","article-title":"Importance of outdoor shelter for cattle in temperate climates","volume":"159","author":"Moons","year":"2014","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2000.tb02278.x","article-title":"Passive Transfer of Colostral Immunoglobulins in Calves","volume":"14","author":"Weaver","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6051","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-19254","article-title":"Longitudinal study of herd udder hygiene and its association with clinical mastitis in pasture-based dairy cows","volume":"104","author":"Rowe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10369","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2018-16215","article-title":"Risk factors associated with lameness and hoof lesions in pasture-based dairy cattle systems in southeast Brazil","volume":"102","author":"Moreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2231","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2020-18916","article-title":"Associations of freestall design and cleanliness with cow lying behavior, hygiene, lameness, and risk of high somatic cell count","volume":"104","author":"Robles","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1017\/S0962728600026166","article-title":"Relationship Between Building Desing, Management System And Dairy Cow Welfare","volume":"12","author":"Bowell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim. Welf."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1017\/S002202990700249X","article-title":"Dairy cow cleanliness and milk quality on organic and conventional farms in the UK","volume":"74","author":"Ellis","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Dairy Res."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"1613","article-title":"Identifying risk factors for poor hind limb cleanliness in Danish loose-housed dairy cows","volume":"5","author":"Nielsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2004.06.005","article-title":"Managing the production, storage, and delivery of colostrum","volume":"20","author":"McGuirk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2016-11724","article-title":"Evaluation of factors associated with immunoglobulin G, fat, protein, and lactose concentrations in bovine colostrum and colostrum management practices in grassland-based dairy systems in Northern Ireland","volume":"100","author":"Dunn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2007.10.005","article-title":"Colostrum Management for Dairy Calves","volume":"24","author":"Godden","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. N. Am. Food Anim. Pract."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/12\/12\/1506\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:27:16Z","timestamp":1760138836000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/12\/12\/1506"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ani12121506"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani12121506","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]]}}}