{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T11:33:41Z","timestamp":1770118421874,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; Brazil)"},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES; Brazil)"},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT\u2014LEITE)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated the occurrence of selected pathogens of bovine respiratory disease in fetal pulmonary tissue of cattle and associated these with patterns of disease. Fetal pulmonary (n = 37) tissues were evaluated by histopathology; immunohistochemical assays identified intralesional antigens of bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine parainfluenza virus 3 (BPIV-3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), and Mycoplasma bovis. Molecular assays were performed to amplify reproductive disease pathogens and bovine gammaherpesvirus 6 (BoGHV6) from 12 lungs. The 2 patterns of pulmonary diseases were interstitial pneumonia (12\/37) and suppurative bronchopneumonia (1\/37). The frequency of the intralesional antigens identified was BRSV (16.2%; 6\/37), BVDV (13.5%; 5\/37), BoAHV1 (8.1%; 3\/37), M. bovis (5.4%; 2\/37), and BPIV-3 (2.7%; 1\/37). Interstitial pneumonia was associated with BRSV (n = 3), BoAHV1 (n = 3), and BVDV (n = 2); suppurative bronchopneumonia contained a Gram-positive bacterium and BVDV and BRSV. Reproductive pathogens detected included Leptospira spp., (n = 3), BVDV, Neospora caninum, and Brucella abortus (n = 2). BoGHV6 DNA was identified in the lungs of two fetuses with interstitial pneumonia. These findings suggest that these fetuses were infected transplacentally by several pathogens. The role of some of these pathogens herein identified must be further elucidated in the possible participation of fetal disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12131596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]],"date-time":"2022-06-21T21:55:19Z","timestamp":1655848519000},"page":"1596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Infectious Disease Agents Associated with Pulmonary Alterations in Aborted Bovine Fetuses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6894-9253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thalita Evani Silva","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela Sanches","family":"Scuisato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4635-5512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Torres Tomazi","family":"Fritzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise Correia","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Pelisson","family":"Massi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isadora Fernanda","family":"Pelaquim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luara Evangelista","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Furtado","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4830-0470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato","family":"Lima Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinics and Surgery, Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucienne Garcia","family":"Pretto-Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00falio Augusto Naylor","family":"Lisb\u00f4a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Large Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT\u2013LEITE), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7024-4487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amauri Alcindo","family":"Alfieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Virology, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT\u2013LEITE), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1614-0185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selwyn Arlington","family":"Headley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology for Dairy Production Chain (INCT\u2013LEITE), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1095","article-title":"The epidemiology of bovine respiratory disease: What is the evidence for predisposing factors?","volume":"51","author":"Taylor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can. 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Rural."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/12\/13\/1596\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T23:36:24Z","timestamp":1760139384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/12\/13\/1596"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ani12131596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani12131596","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]}}}