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A total of 120 1-d-old male broilers were randomly divided into four treatments in a 2 \u00d7 2 experimental arrangement, containing immune challenge (injected with LPS in a dose of 0 or 500 \u03bcg\/kg of body weight) and dietary treatments (supplemented with 1.22% alanine or 1% Gln). The results showed that growth performance of broilers intra-abdominally injected with LPS was impaired, and Gln administration alleviated the adverse effects on growth performance induced by LPS challenge. Furthermore, Gln supplementation reduced the increased concentration of circulating tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1\u03b2 induced by LPS challenge. Meanwhile, D-lactic acid and diamine oxidase concentration in plasma were also decreased by Gln supplementation. In addition, the shorter villus height, deeper crypt depth and the lower ratio of villus height to crypt depth of duodenum, jejunum and ileum induced by LPS stimulation were reversed by Gln supplementation. Gln administration beneficially increased LPS-induced reduction in the expression of intestine tight junction proteins such as zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO-1), claudin-1 and occludin except for the ZO-1 in duodenum and occludin in ileum. Moreover, Gln supplementation downregulated the mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4, focal adhesion kinase, myeloid differentiation factor 88 and IL-1R-associated kinase 4 in TLR4\/FAK\/MyD88 signaling pathway. Therefore, it can be concluded that Gln administration could attenuate LPS-induced inflammatory responses and improve intestinal barrier damage of LPS-challenged broilers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12131729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T11:15:05Z","timestamp":1656933305000},"page":"1729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Dietary Glutamine Supplementation Alleviated Inflammation Responses and Improved Intestinal Mucosa Barrier of LPS-Challenged Broilers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2001-7390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bolin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal College, Ping\u2019an Avenue, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingzhen","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, No. 2888, Xincheng Road, Jingyue District, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal College, Ping\u2019an Avenue, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiyong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal College, Ping\u2019an Avenue, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal College, Ping\u2019an Avenue, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caichao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal College, Ping\u2019an Avenue, Hong Huagang District, Zunyi 563006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3019-0741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zewei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, No. 2888, Xincheng Road, Jingyue District, Changchun 130118, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"Invited review: Bacterial lipopolysaccharides and innate immunity","volume":"7","author":"Alexander","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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