{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:43:43Z","timestamp":1790613823396,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["IZS LT 10\/18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IZS LT 10\/18"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Viral hepatitis has recently assumed relevance for equine veterinary medicine since a variety of new viruses have been discovered. Equine Hepacivirus (EqHV) is an RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family that can cause subclinical hepatitis in horses, occasionally evolving into a chronic disease. EqHV, to date, is considered the closest known relative of human HCV. EqHV has been reported worldwide therefore assessing its features is relevant, considering both the wide use of blood products and transfusions in veterinary therapies and its similitude to HCV. The present review resumes the actual knowledge on EqHV epidemiology, risk factors and immunology, together with potential diagnostics and good practices for prevention. Moreover, adhering to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews a meta-analysis of serological and biomolecular prevalence and an updated phylogenetic description is presented as a benchmark for further studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12192486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T21:12:53Z","timestamp":1663708373000},"page":"2486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Equine Hepacivirus: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis of Serological and Biomolecular Prevalence and a Phylogenetic Update"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5648-9915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Pacchiarotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Center for Equine Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d, via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4301-7385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Nardini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Center for Equine Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d, via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Scicluna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Center for Equine Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d, via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6171","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00250-12","article-title":"Serology-Enabled Discovery of Genetically Diverse Hepaciviruses in a New Host","volume":"86","author":"Burbelo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7185","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00324-13","article-title":"Identification of a Pegivirus (GB Virus-Like Virus) That Infects Horses","volume":"87","author":"Kapoor","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000612","article-title":"Proposed update to the taxonomy of the genera Hepacivirus and Pegivirus within the Flaviviridae family","volume":"97","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gen. 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