{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:31:43Z","timestamp":1790832703411,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"National Science and Technology Council of M\u00e9xico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CB-2016-01-287052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB-2016-01-287052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of short- and long-term exposure to heat stress (HS) was analyzed on blood components, performance, and intestinal epithelium integrity of pigs. Eighteen pigs (36.0 \u00b1 3.5 kg BW) were assigned to three groups: thermo-neutral (TN); 2 d exposure to HS (2dHS); and 7 d exposure to HS (7dHS). Blood chemistry and hemogram analyses were performed; small intestine samples were analyzed for mRNA expression and histology. Compared to TN, 2dHS and 7dHS pigs reduced weight gain and feed intake; weight gain was higher in 7dHS than in 2dHS pigs (p &lt; 0.05). White blood cells, platelet, and hematocrit were affected in 2dHS and 7dHS compared to TN pigs (p &lt; 0.05). Short- and long-term exposure to HS affected blood concentration of triglycerides, urea, total protein, and albumin (p \u2264 0.05). Villi-height and crypt-depth decreased in HS pigs (p &lt; 0.01). Mucin-producing and apoptotic cell number increased in 7dHS compared to TN pigs (p &lt; 0.05). Expression of tight-junction-proteins decreased in 2dHS pigs compared to TN and 7dHS pigs (p &lt; 0.05). Short-term exposure of pigs to HS dramatically affects performance, blood components, and integrity of the small intestine epithelia; nevertheless, pigs show signs of recovery at 7 d of HS exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12192529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T05:33:14Z","timestamp":1663824794000},"page":"2529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Short- and Long-Term Exposure to Heat Stress Differently Affect Performance, Blood Parameters, and Integrity of Intestinal Epithelia of Growing Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Nydia","family":"V\u00e1squez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Agr\u00edcolas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Mexicali 2100, B.C., Mexico"},{"name":"Facultad de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, General Escobedo 66050, N.L., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3713-8305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Agr\u00edcolas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Mexicali 2100, B.C., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Bernal-Barrag\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Agronom\u00eda, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, General Escobedo 66050, N.L., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Edgar","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Tovar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, General Escobedo 66050, N.L., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6721-2257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias Agr\u00edcolas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Baja California, Mexicali 2100, B.C., Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.2527\/2005.8361385x","article-title":"Effects of Increasing Temperatures on Physiological Changes in Pigs at Different Relative Humidities","volume":"86","author":"Huynh","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. 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