{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:46:08Z","timestamp":1760244368364,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2008085MC94","31301972","2018ZN014","202004f06020048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008085MC94","31301972","2018ZN014","202004f06020048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2008085MC94","31301972","2018ZN014","202004f06020048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008085MC94","31301972","2018ZN014","202004f06020048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key research and development project of Chuzhou","award":["2008085MC94","31301972","2018ZN014","202004f06020048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008085MC94","31301972","2018ZN014","202004f06020048"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017668","name":"Key Research and development program of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2008085MC94","31301972","2018ZN014","202004f06020048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008085MC94","31301972","2018ZN014","202004f06020048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017668","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study investigated the role of dietary capsaicin (CPS) supplementation on milk yield (liters\/head) and milk composition (total solids, lactose, albumin, protein, fat, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), somatic cell count (SCC) and somatic cell score (SCS), serum metabolites (lipoprotein esterase (LPL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)), and reproductive physiology (follicular development, estrus response, ovulation and pregnancy) following synchronization during the low breeding season. One hundred (n = 100) crossbred buffaloes were randomly assigned to four dietary groups consisting of CPS supplementation dosages (0, 2, 4 or 6 mg\/kg of total mixed ration; TMR) as CPS-0 (n = 26), CPS-2 (n = 22), CPS-4 (n = 25) and CPS-6 (n = 27), respectively, in a 30-day feed trial. The results revealed that the CPS-4 group of buffaloes had a better estrus rate (72%) along with improved (p &lt; 0.05) ovulatory follicle diameter (13.8 mm), ovulation rate (68%) and pregnancy rate (48%) compared to other treatment groups. Milk yield improved (p &lt; 0.05) in CPS-4 supplemented buffaloes after day 20 of the trial, comparatively. There was a significant effect (p &lt; 0.05) of milk sampling day (day 30) on total milk solids, lactose, milk protein and MUN levels, whereas lactose, MUN, SCC and SCS were influenced by supplementation dosage (CPS-4). Glucose levels were affected in buffaloes by sampling time (artificial insemination (AI) and 50-day post-AI) and CPS-dose (CPS-4 and CPS-6), respectively. LPL level changed in CPS-2 and CPS-4 groups at AI time and 50 days after AI. In addition, the AST level was different in CPS-4 at AI time and 50 days after AI. Therefore, our data suggest that a medium dose (~4 mg\/kg of TMR) of CPS provided a better response in the form of milk yield, milk composition, serum metabolites and reproductive performance in crossbred buffaloes during the low breeding season.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13010118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]],"date-time":"2022-12-29T02:52:21Z","timestamp":1672282341000},"page":"118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dietary Supplementation of Capsaicin Enhances Productive and Reproductive Efficiency of Chinese Crossbred Buffaloes in Low Breeding Season"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0451-8846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adili","family":"Abulaiti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahid","family":"Naseer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5082-1227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zulfiqar","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenju","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xunsheng","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Farooq","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shujuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, Fengyang 233100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2015.05.022","article-title":"A field study on artificial insemination of swamp and crossbred buffaloes with sexed semen from river buffaloes","volume":"84","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-021-02722-2","article-title":"Milk production potential and reproductive performance of Egyptian buffalo cows","volume":"53","author":"Eldawy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trop. 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