{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T02:32:25Z","timestamp":1787625145385,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mast cell tumor (MCT) is the most common malignant skin tumor in dogs. In order to gain more information on the prognostic markers in MCT, the role of the eosinophil granulocytes infiltrates was investigated and assessed by the evaluation of tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) in 87 canine cutaneous MCTs. In human medicine, high TATE are often described in highly angiogenic tumors: we therefore assessed the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in neoplastic mast cells. TATE and VEGF expression were compared between themselves, with histological grading, immunohistochemical expression of KIT and Ki-67, and with the recurrence. We found a statistically significant correlation between TATE and Patnaik grading (p = 0.041), Kiupel grading (p = 0.022), immunohistochemical KIT expression (p = 0.015), and tumor recurrence (p = 0.000). No associations were observed with Ki-67 and VEGF expression. This is the first evaluation of TATE and its prognostic value in canine MCTs in veterinary oncology. This study suggest that this investigation could be an important source of information for this tumor and for other neoplasms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13020283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T03:40:34Z","timestamp":1673840434000},"page":"283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Preliminary Assessment of Tumor-Associated Tissue Eosinophilia (TATE) in Canine Mast Cell Tumors: Prevalence and Prognostic Relevance and Its Association with Neoangiogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0458-4512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Galietta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5635-9360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Parisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristiano","family":"Cocumelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9336-5150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Pierini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7871-8915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Scaramozzino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Spallucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e Della Toscana \u201cM. Aleandri\u201d, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Agenzia Nazionale per i Servizi Sanitari Regionali, Via Piemonte 60, 00187 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5661-1538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Millanta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Nardi, A.B., Dos Santos Horta, R., Fonseca-Alves, C.E., de Paiva, F.N., Linhares, L.C.M., Firmo, B.F., Ruiz Sueiro, F.A., de Oliveira, K.D., Louren\u00e7o, S.V., and De Francisco Strefezzi, R. (2022). Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment of Canine Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Mast Cell Tumors. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11040618"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2019.04.002","article-title":"Diagnosis and Prognosis of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors","volume":"49","author":"Kiupel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gross, T.L., Ihrke, P., Walder, E.J., and Affolter, V.K. (2005). Mast cell tumors. Skin Diseases of the Dog and Cat Clinical and Histopathologic Diagnosis, Blackwell Science. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470752487"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.34.12.1343","article-title":"Tumour-associated eosinophilia: A review","volume":"34","author":"Lowe","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4222","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.7.4222","article-title":"Regulation of carcinogenesis by IL-5 and CCL11: A potential role for eosinophils in tumor immune surveillance","volume":"178","author":"Simson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2007.00869.x","article-title":"Th2-mediated anti-tumour immunity: Friend or foe?","volume":"70","author":"Ellyard","year":"2007","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-13-0196","article-title":"Eosinophils and cancer","volume":"2","author":"Davis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2925","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.123.6.2925","article-title":"Cytotoxic properties of the eosinophil major basic protein","volume":"123","author":"Gleich","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1964.80","article-title":"Local subcutaneous eosinophil leukocytic reaction to the inoculation of isolated normal or tumour cells in mice","volume":"18","author":"Goswami","year":"1964","journal-title":"Br. J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90925-2","article-title":"Murine interleukin 4 displays potent anti-tumor activity in vivo","volume":"57","author":"Tepper","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-012-1288-3","article-title":"Involvement of eosinophils in the anti-tumor response","volume":"61","author":"Gatault","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2796.2000.00742.x","article-title":"Infections as a major preventable cause of human cancer","volume":"248","author":"Kuper","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1442-2042.2002.00424.x","article-title":"Tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia of penile cancer","volume":"9","author":"Ono","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1097\/00130404-200505000-00008","article-title":"Tissue eosinophilic infiltration: A useful marker for assessing stromal invasion, survival and locoregional recurrence in head and neck squamous neoplasia","volume":"11","author":"Alrawi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Said, M., Wiseman, S., Yang, J., Alrawi, S., Douglas, W., Cheney, R., Hicks, W., Rigual, N., Loree, T., and Spiegel, G. (2005). Tissue eosinophilia: A morphologic marker for assessing stromal invasion in laryngeal squamous neoplasms. BMC Clin. Pathol., 5.","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6890-5-1"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-011-0651-7","article-title":"Eosinophils may predict occult lymph node metastasis in early oral cancer","volume":"16","author":"Oliveira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2015.04.029","article-title":"The infiltration and functional regulation of eosinophils induced by TSLP promote the proliferation of cervical cancer cell","volume":"364","author":"Xie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"e3279","article-title":"Quantitative Analysis of Tumor-associated Tissue Eosinophilia in Recurring Bladder Cancer","volume":"10","author":"Popov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12059","article-title":"Interacting mast cells and eosinophils acquire an enhanced activation state in vitro","volume":"68","author":"Elishmereni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.39-4-488","article-title":"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in canine mammary tumors","volume":"39","author":"Restucci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"15","article-title":"Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) measured in seventy dogs with spontaneously occurring tumours","volume":"18","author":"Wergin","year":"2004","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2004.04045.x","article-title":"Preliminary study of plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during low- and high-dose radiation therapy of dogs with spontaneous tumors","volume":"45","author":"Wergin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2003.07.001","article-title":"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor Flk-1 in canine mammary tumours","volume":"130","author":"Restucci","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Comp. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2006.01.007","article-title":"The role of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor Flk-1\/KDR in promoting tumour angiogenesis in feline and canine mammary carcinomas: A preliminary study of autocrine and paracrine loops","volume":"81","author":"Millanta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13852","article-title":"Incomplete histological margins following planned narrow excision of canine appendicular soft tissue sarcomas and mast cell tumors, using the residual tumor classification scheme","volume":"51","author":"Haine","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet. Surg."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1177\/030098588402100503","article-title":"Canine cutaneous mast cell tumour: Morphologic grading and survival time in 83 dogs","volume":"21","author":"Patnaik","year":"1984","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810386469","article-title":"Proposal of a 2-tier histologic grading system for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors to more accurately predict biological behavior","volume":"48","author":"Kiupel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989210600124","article-title":"The importance of the eosinophil in head and neck cancer","volume":"106","author":"Goldsmith","year":"1992","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.44-3-298","article-title":"Cellular proliferation in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors: Associations with c-KIT and its role in prognostication","volume":"44","author":"Webster","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Pathol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.41-4-371","article-title":"The Use of KIT and Tryptase Expression Patterns as Prognostic Tools for Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors","volume":"41","author":"Kiupel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9896(2000)9999:9999<::AID-PATH687>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by macrophages is up-regulated in poorly vascularized areas of breast carcinomas","volume":"192","author":"Lewis","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12518","article-title":"Prognostic and predictive significance of KIT protein expression and c-kit gene mutation in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours: A consensus of the Oncology-Pathology Working Group","volume":"17","author":"Thamm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.2005.00726.x","article-title":"Impact of tumour depth, tumour location and multiple synchronous masses on the prognosis of canine cutaneous mast cell tumours","volume":"52","author":"Kiupel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Ser. A"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"51","article-title":"Evaluation of prognostic indicators in dogs with multiple, simultaneously occurring cutaneous mast cell tumours: 63 cases","volume":"11","author":"Thomson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.13444","article-title":"Canine cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell tumours: A narrative review","volume":"63","author":"Bellamy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Small Anim. Pract."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcam.2020.100472","article-title":"Canine and Feline Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumor: A Comprehensive Review of Treatments and Outcomes","volume":"41","author":"Oliveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Top. Companion Anim. Med."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Withrow, S.J., Vail, D.M., and Page, R.L. (2013). Miscellaneous tumors: Hemangiosarcoma. Withrow and MacEwen\u2019s Small Animal Clinical Oncology, Elsevier Saunders. [5th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Meuten, D.J. (2020). Tumors in Domestic Animals, John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.246.7.765","article-title":"Comparison of 2- and 3-category histologic grading systems for predicting the presence of metastasis at the time of initial evaluation in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors: 386 cases (2009\u20132014)","volume":"246","author":"Stefanello","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1177\/03009858211009785","article-title":"Value, Limitations, and Recommendations for Grading of Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors: A Consensus of the Oncology-Pathology Working Group","volume":"58","author":"Berlato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.154.24.743","article-title":"Relationships between the histological grade of cutaneous mast cell tumours in dogs, their survival and the efficacy of surgical resection","volume":"154","author":"Murphy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985814521638","article-title":"Histologic grading of canine mast cell tumor: Is 2 better than 3?","volume":"52","author":"Sabattini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985817747325","article-title":"Assessment of Canine Mast Cell Tumor Mortality Risk Based on Clinical, Histologic, Immunohistochemical, and Molecular Features","volume":"55","author":"Horta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/vco.12692","article-title":"Prognostic value of immunohistochemical markers in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Freytag","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870401600610","article-title":"Expression of the KIT protein (CD117) in primary cutaneous mast cell tumors of the dog","volume":"16","author":"Preziosi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gil da Costa, R.M., Matos, E., Rema, A., Lopes, C., Pires, M.A., and G\u00e4rtner, F. (2007). CD117 immunoexpression in canine mast cell tumours: Correlations with pathological variables and proliferation markers. BMC Vet. Res., 3.","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-3-19"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-002-0397-4","article-title":"The role of VEGF in normal and neoplastic hematopoiesis","volume":"81","author":"Gerber","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.188.6.1135","article-title":"Mast cells can secrete vascular permeability factor\/vascular endothelial cell growth factor and exhibit enhanced release after immunoglobulin E-dependent upregulation of fc epsilon receptor I expression","volume":"188","author":"Boesiger","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.1999.tb00342.x","article-title":"Mast cells and their mediators in cutaneous wound healing\u2014Active participants or innocent bystanders?","volume":"8","author":"Artuc","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S82","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-004-0438-2","article-title":"Mast cell-derived VEGF and VEGF receptor type 1, 2, and 3 expression in human term trophoblast culture\u2014Influence of hypoxia","volume":"54","author":"Szukiewicz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1177\/039463201302600206","article-title":"Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), mast cells and inflammation","volume":"26","author":"Varvara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sammarco, G., Varricchi, G., Ferraro, V., Ammendola, M., De Fazio, M., Altomare, D.F., Luposella, M., Maltese, L., Curr\u00f2, G., and Marone, G. (2019). Mast Cells, Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Human Gastric Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092106"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.11.009","article-title":"Detection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors Flt-1 and KDR in canine mastocytoma cells","volume":"115","author":"Rebuzzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2009.00202.x","article-title":"Immunohistochemical evaluation of prostaglandin E2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in canine cutaneous mast cell tumours","volume":"8","author":"Amorim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00484","article-title":"Eosinophils in Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"27","author":"Diny","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2016.10.002","article-title":"Emerging roles for eosinophils in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"2","author":"Reichman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends in Cancer."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2020.11.012","article-title":"Tumor associated tissue eosinophilia in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Choudhary","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Oral Biol. Craniofac. Res."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"113","article-title":"Tumour-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A comprehensive review","volume":"36","author":"Mascitti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-011-0417-1","article-title":"Tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia as a prognostic factor in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx","volume":"66","author":"Etit","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"1419","article-title":"Tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"26","author":"Ishibashi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.10112","article-title":"New Insights Into the Role of Tissue Eosinophils in the Progression of Colorectal Cancer: A Literature Review","volume":"31","author":"Saraiva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Med. Port."},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"250","article-title":"Cervical carcinoma demonstrating tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia: A clinicopathological study of 17 patients","volume":"3","author":"Merlin","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Low. Genit. Tract Dis."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1080\/01913123.2022.2035474","article-title":"Eosinophil exocytosis in a poorly differentiated tubular gastric adenocarcinoma: Case report","volume":"46","author":"Caruso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ultrastruct. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000187392.87904.35","article-title":"Prognostic value of Survivin and Livin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"116","author":"Xiang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12987","article-title":"An anergic immune signature in the tumor microenvironment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma is associated with inferior outcome","volume":"100","author":"Hollander","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2017.00103","article-title":"Bidirectional Mast Cell-Eosinophil Interactions in Inflammatory Disorders and Cancer","volume":"4","author":"Galdiero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1078\/0171-9335-00346","article-title":"The tumor microenvironment: A critical determinant of neoplastic evolution","volume":"82","author":"Ruiter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197402212900802","article-title":"Tumor-associated eosinophilotactic factor","volume":"21","author":"Wasserman","year":"1974","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.1198","article-title":"Human muscle protein degradation in vitro by eosinophil cationic protein (ECP)","volume":"24","author":"Sugihara","year":"2001","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2444","article-title":"The role of myeloid cells in the promotion of tumour angiogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Murdoch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer."},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"310132","article-title":"Eosinophils and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A short review","volume":"2009","author":"Mendis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3882","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-06-330845","article-title":"The expanding role(s) of eosinophils in health and disease","volume":"120","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.51610","article-title":"Tumour associated tissue eosinophilia as a predictor of locoregional recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Rakesh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Dent."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5829.2012.00354.x","article-title":"Incorporation of sentinel lymph node mapping in dogs with mast cell tumours: 20 consecutive procedures","volume":"12","author":"Worley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Comp. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/vru.12995","article-title":"Preoperative planar lymphoscintigraphy allows for sentinel lymph node detection in 51 dogs improving staging accuracy: Feasibility and pitfalls","volume":"62","author":"Manfredi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound"}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/13\/2\/283\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:05:33Z","timestamp":1760119533000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/13\/2\/283"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"alternative-id":["ani13020283"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani13020283","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]}}}