{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T22:17:57Z","timestamp":1771366677452,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]],"date-time":"2023-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brazil (CAPES)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to compare the feed efficiency (FE) and physiological parameters of Holstein and crossbred Holstein \u00d7 Simmental cows in a confinement system during winter and summer. The study was conducted in a dairy farm in southern Brazil by including a total of 48 multiparous cows. The cows were studied for 21 days in two periods, summer and winter, and their daily dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield (MY), rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR), body weight, and body condition score were recorded. An analysis of variance was conducted using the SAS statistical package. The results showed that crossbred Holstein \u00d7 Simmental cows have a similar FE as Holstein cows in a high-production system (1.83 \u00d7 1.81 kg DMI\/kg MY, respectively), and they can achieve the same production levels as purebred Holstein cows (43.8 vs. 44.5 milk\/cow\/day). Our findings indicated a difference for the period as both genetic groups achieved higher FE in winter than in summer (1.98 vs. 1.67 DMI\/kg MY, respectively). In addition, we found evidence that crossbred cows are better at dissipating body heat during heat-stress situations, as they have higher RR in summer compared to purebred cows, while Holstein cows have higher RT in summer afternoons than crossbred cows. Therefore, using crossbred Holstein \u00d7 Simmental cows is an alternative for high-production systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13101668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T06:32:58Z","timestamp":1684391578000},"page":"1668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Feed Efficiency and Physiological Parameters of Holstein and Crossbred Holstein \u00d7 Simmental Cows"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Deise Aline","family":"Knob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Agroveterin\u00e1rias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages 88520-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Organic Farming with Focus on Sustainable Soil Use, Justus Liebig Universit\u00e4t\u2014Giessen (JLU), 35394 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7075-0067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armin Manfred","family":"Scholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lehr- und Versuchsgut Oberschlei\u00dfheim, Tier\u00e4rztlichen Fakult\u00e4t, Ludwig Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen (LMU), 85764 Oberschlei\u00dfheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laiz","family":"Perazzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Agroveterin\u00e1rias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages 88520-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruna Paula Bergamaschi","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Agroveterin\u00e1rias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages 88520-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Kappes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Agroveterin\u00e1rias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages 88520-000, Brazil"},{"name":"Lehr- und Versuchsgut Oberschlei\u00dfheim, Tier\u00e4rztlichen Fakult\u00e4t, Ludwig Maximilians Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen (LMU), 85764 Oberschlei\u00dfheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dileta Regina Moro","family":"Alessio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o a Dist\u00e2ncia, Centro Universit\u00e1rio Leonardo da Vinci, Rua Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca, Indaial 89084-405, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c2ngela Fonseca","family":"Rech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Experimental de Lages, Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecu\u00e1ria e Extens\u00e3o Rural de Santa Catarina (Epagri), Lages 88502-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4850-1341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Thaler Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Agroveterin\u00e1rias (CAV), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Lages 88520-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1080\/1828051X.2021.1990804","article-title":"The accuracy of NIRS in predicting chemical composition and fibre digestibility of hay-based total mixed rations","volume":"20","author":"Buonaiuto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ital. 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