{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T03:18:38Z","timestamp":1778037518373,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Fondecyt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1191747"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1191747"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"Fondecyt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21190466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21190466"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"ANID","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1191747"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1191747"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"ANID","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21190466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21190466"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Backyard production systems (BPS) are highly distributed in central Chile. While poultry BPS have been extensively characterized, there remains a notable gap in the characterization of swine BPS in central Chile. In addition, there is evidence that zoonotic pathogens, such as influenza A virus and Salmonella spp., are circulating in backyard poultry and pigs. A total of 358 BPS located in central Chile were evaluated between 2013 and 2015 by interviewing farm owners. Severe deficiencies in biosecurity measures were observed. The value chain of swine backyard production identified food, veterinary care (visits and products), and replacement or breeding animals as the primary inputs to the backyard. The most common origin of swine replacements was from outside the BPS (63%). The main outputs of the system were identified as meat and live animals, including piglets and breeding animals. In 16% of BPS, breeding animals were lent to other BPS, indicating the existence of animals and animal product movement in and out of backyard farms. Results from this study indicate that swine BPS in central Chile represents an animal\u2013human interface that demands special attention for implementing targeted preventive measures to prevent the introduction and spread of animal pathogens and the emergence of zoonotic pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13122000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T01:31:31Z","timestamp":1686879091000},"page":"2000","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Swine Backyard Production Systems in Central Chile: Characterizing Farm Structure, Animal Management, and Production Value Chain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Baumberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808, Chile"},{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6662-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisca","family":"Di Pillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agron\u00f3micas, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronom\u00eda, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Sede Providencia, Manuel Montt 948, Santiago 7500972, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Galdames","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristobal","family":"Oyarzun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Marambio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808, Chile"},{"name":"Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Jimenez-Bluhm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Medicina y Facultad de Agronom\u00eda e Ingenier\u00eda Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile, Vicu\u00f1a Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5609-2237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Hamilton-West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Sonaiya, E.B., and Swan, S. 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When pigs fly: Pandemic influenza enters the 21st century. PLoS Pathog., 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008259"}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/13\/12\/2000\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:55:45Z","timestamp":1760126145000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/13\/12\/2000"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["ani13122000"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani13122000","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]}}}