{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:34:39Z","timestamp":1760150079229,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"State University of the South of Manab\u00ed (Ecuador)","award":["PROG-014-PROY-003-2019","AGR-134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROG-014-PROY-003-2019","AGR-134"]}]},{"name":"University of C\u00f3rdoba (Spain)","award":["PROG-014-PROY-003-2019","AGR-134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROG-014-PROY-003-2019","AGR-134"]}]},{"name":"Andalusian Government (Spain)","award":["PROG-014-PROY-003-2019","AGR-134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROG-014-PROY-003-2019","AGR-134"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ecuadorian small producers use crossbred animals with a low level of genetic improvement, which are fed with alternative feeds to decrease production costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of geographical location and three diets according to the amount of cassava and taro incorporated into the feed (T1 conventional feed; T2 and T3 with 32% and 42% of cassava and taro, respectively) in pigs reared under the backyard system. The results did not show many differences between the treatments for morphological traits; however, between geographical locations, significant differences were evidenced. The fat content from the first rib was higher in the T1 group. The intramuscular fat percentage was higher in the T1 group, contrary to the protein levels, which were higher in the T3 group in Esmeraldas and the T2 group in Ro Chico. In the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and its attached organs, differences were found in the empty stomach weight, full and empty small intestine weight, liver weight, and total GIT weight, with the T2 and T3 groups having the largest and heaviest. Cassava and taro did not affect the morphometric behavior and quality of the carcass but increased the amount of protein in the meat and the weight of the GIT. Geographical location was also observed to have a significant effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13193086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T09:43:01Z","timestamp":1696326181000},"page":"3086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effects of Alternative Cassava and Taro Feed on the Carcass and Meat Quality of Fattening Pigs Reared under Ecuadorian Backyard Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9792-9400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo","family":"Valverde Lucio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences and Agriculture, University of the South of Manab\u00ed (UNESUM), Jipijapa 130303, Manab\u00ed, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4823-5357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Gonzalez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Cordoba, AGR-134, ceiA3., 14071 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julio Gabriel","family":"Ortega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Natural Sciences and Agriculture, University of the South of Manab\u00ed (UNESUM), Jipijapa 130303, Manab\u00ed, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4315-4291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelina","family":"Rodero Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Cordoba, AGR-134, ceiA3., 14071 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Meat Quality and Sensory Evaluation of Pork from Pig Fed Pro-Vitamin A Cassava Leaf Meal, Pumpkin Stem and Moringa Leaf Meal as Dietary Supplements","volume":"6","author":"Ekpo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"FAO (2023, August 13). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Available online: https:\/\/www.fao.org\/worldfoodsituation\/foodpricesindex\/es\/."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Asociaci\u00f3n de Porcicultores del Ecuador-ASPE (2023, August 13). Importancia Economica de la Porcicultura Valor Bruto de la Produccion. Ecuador. Available online: https:\/\/aspe.org.ec\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/DATOS_PORCICULTURA.pdf."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"22","article-title":"Alimentaci\u00f3n Para Cerdos de Ceba En Condiciones Locales de Agricultura Familiar","volume":"1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ciencia en su PC"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valverde Lucio, A., Gonzalez-Mart\u00ednez, M., Alc\u00edvar Cobe\u00f1a, J.L., and Rodero Serrano, E. (2021). Characterization and Typology of Backyard Small Pig Farms in Jipijapa, Ecuador. Animals, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11061728"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Sanz, J.G., Peris, C., and Torres, A. (1994). Productividad de las Explotaciones Porcinas en Sistemas Intensivos, Generalitat Valenciana."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Herrera, K., and Monar, G. (2006). Proyecto de Inversi\u00f3n para la Construcci\u00f3n de una Granja en Vinces, Provincia de Los R\u00edos que se Dedique al Cuidado, Crianza y Comercializaci\u00f3n de Ganado Porcino. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, Higher Polytechnic School of the Litoral]. Available online: https:\/\/www.dspace.espol.edu.ec\/bitstream\/123456789\/56540\/1\/D-CD35652%20HERRERA%20-%20MONAR.pdf."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"118","article-title":"Calidad de la canal de cerdos en la industria porcina de ecuador (Art\u00edculo de Revisi\u00f3n)","volume":"2","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Ecu. Cien. Anim."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-0914","article-title":"Relationships among measures of growth performance and efficiency with carcass traits, visceral organ mass, and pancreatic digestive enzymes in feedlot cattle","volume":"87","author":"Mader","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"Tous, N., Esteve, E., Lizardo, R., and 3tres3.com (2023, August 13). Nutrici\u00f3n y Grasa Intramuscular: Efecto del \u00c1cido Linoleico Conjugado y la Vitamina A. Available online: https:\/\/www.3tres3.com\/latam\/articulos\/nutricion-y-grasa-intramuscular-efecto-del-cla-y-la-vitamina-a_11189\/."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"41","article-title":"Carcass characteristics and meat quality of broilers fed cassava peel and leaf meals as replacements for maize and soyabean meal","volume":"8","author":"Abu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Agric. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"012002","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1542\/1\/012002","article-title":"The Utilization of Cassava By-Products as Complete Feed on Physical and Chemical Meat Quality of Weaning Male Crossbred Landrace Pigs","volume":"1542","author":"Hasan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Phys. Conf. Ser."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Mota, D., Guerrero, I., and Trujillo, M.E. (2010). Bienestar Animal y Calidad de Carne, BM Eds. [1st ed.]."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfoodeng.2004.05.011","article-title":"Feasibility of water cooking for pork ham processing as compared with traditional dry and wet air cooking methods","volume":"67","author":"Cheng","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Food Eng."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731118002409","article-title":"Meat and Fat Quality of Kr\u0161kopolje Pigs Reared in Conventional and Organic Production Systems","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"23","article-title":"Determination of PSE (pale, soft and exudative) meat in pork carcasses","volume":"12","author":"Wilson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vitae"},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Campion, D. (2023, August 13). Sistemas de Producci\u00f3n Porcina y su Incidencia en la Calidad. Available online: https:\/\/repositorio.uca.edu.ar\/handle\/123456789\/455."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rybarczyk, A., Bogus\u0142awska-Was, E., and D\u0142uba\u0142a, A. (2021). Effect of Bioplus Yc Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota, Production Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of Pigs. Animals, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11061581"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0309-1740(00)00097-8","article-title":"Sensory quality and cooking loss of ham muscle (M. biceps femoris) from pigs reared indoors and outdoors","volume":"57","author":"Johansson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Meat Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"1199","article-title":"Efectos de las dietas en la granja para la producci\u00f3n porcina org\u00e1nica sobre el rendimiento y la calidad de la canal","volume":"78","author":"Sundrum","year":"2012","journal-title":"3tres3"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"114","article-title":"Eficiencia Productiva En Cerdos de Levante Alimentados Con Materias Primas Alternativas de Pa\u00edses Tropicales: Meta-An\u00e1lisis","volume":"17","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intropica"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valverde Lucio, A., Gonzalez-Mart\u00ednez, A., and Rodero Serrano, E. (2023). Utilization of Cooked Cassava and Taro as Alternative Feed in Enhancing Pig Production in Ecuadorian Backyard System. Animals, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13030356"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.31838\/ijpr\/2018.10.04.122","article-title":"The influence of nontraditional feed in the fattening pig\u2019s diet on meat quality","volume":"10","author":"Negreyeva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"93","article-title":"Alternative Feed Rations for Grower Stage Backyard Swine","volume":"10","author":"Chene","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mindano. J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2010.06.135","article-title":"The Inclusion of Ensiled Citrus Pulp in Diets for Growing Pigs: Effects on Voluntary Intake, Growth Performance, Gut Microbiology and Meat Quality","volume":"134","author":"Cerisuelo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Livest. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Brandalise, F., Mart\u00edn Grillo, R., Pinto, L.A., Serrano, E.A., and S\u00e1nchez, M.I. (2017). Conceptualizaci\u00f3n, Caracterizaci\u00f3n y Registro de la Agricultura Familiar. La Experiencia de Panam\u00e1, FAO. Available online: https:\/\/www.fao.org\/documents\/card\/en\/c\/c90b1aa7-f532-4fed-a2eb-a004461bcd71."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"AGROCALIDAD (2023, August 13). Programa Nacional Sanitario Porcino. Control y Erradicaci\u00f3n de la Peste Porcina Cl\u00e1sica por Zonificaci\u00f3n en el Ecuador, Available online: https:\/\/www.agrocalidad.gob.ec\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/d1.pdf."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Diagnosis of the production, comercialization, and consumption of pig products in Sachas, Orellana Diagn\u00f3stico da produ\u00e7\u00e3o, comercializa\u00e7\u00e3o e consumo de produtos su\u00ednos no cant\u00e3o de Sacha, Orellana","volume":"4","author":"Elizabeth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Polo del Conocimiento"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez Yeltsin, R.J. (2013). Caracterizaci\u00f3n del manejo zoot\u00e9cnico del cerdo criollo (Sus scrofa domesticus) en el \u00e1rea rural del municipio de R\u00edo Blanco, Matagalpa, 2013. [Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad Nacional Agraria Facultad de Ciencia Animal, Sistemas Integrales de Producci\u00f3n Animal]."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"UNICEF, Desnutrici\u00f3n Cr\u00f3nica Infantil (2023, August 13). Uno de los Mayores Problemas de Salud P\u00fablica en Ecuador. Available online: https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/ecuador\/sites\/unicef.org.ecuador\/files\/2021-03\/Desnutricion-Cronica-Infantil.pdf."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Yapura, S. (2023, August 13). Importancia del Ma\u00edz en la Producci\u00f3n Animal. Veterinaria Digital. Available online: https:\/\/www.veterinariadigital.com\/articulos\/importancia-del-maiz-en-la-produccion-animal\/."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"27","article-title":"Revisi\u00f3n Bibliogr\u00e1fica apuntes sobre el cultivo de la yuca (Manihot Esculenta Crantz). Tendencias actuales","volume":"32","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cultivos Tropicales"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.36610\/j.jsaas.2016.030200098","article-title":"Uso de harina de colocasia esculeta l., en la alimentaci\u00f3n de cerdos y su efecto sobre par\u00e1metros productivos","volume":"3","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Selva Andin. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"1","article-title":"La inclusi\u00f3n de la Colocasia esculenta (papa china) en la alimentaci\u00f3n de cerdos en ceba","volume":"19","author":"Caicedo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. Electron. Vet."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Kaensombath, L. (2012). Taro leaf and stylo forage as protein sources for pigs in Laos: Biomass yield, ensiling and nutritive value. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences]."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"112","article-title":"Effects of substituting taro (Colocasia esculenta) wastes silage in diets on growth and nutrient digestibility in pigs","volume":"9","author":"Lan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"43","article-title":"Evaluaci\u00f3n de diferentes tipos de deshidrataci\u00f3n de ra\u00edz y follaje de yuca amarga (Manihot esculenta) sobre su composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica","volume":"25","author":"Polanco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zootec. Trop."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Ricaurte, F.A. (2014). La Yuca Como Alternativa en la Alimentacion de Cerdos en la Etapa de ceba Granja los Laureles Vereda Tacarimena Municipio el Yopal Casanare, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia."},{"key":"ref_39","unstructured":"Carbajal Basilo, D.S., and Otarola Gamara, A. (2023, August 13). Efecto del Tiempo de Cocci\u00f3n en la Reducci\u00f3n de Oxalatos en Harina de dos Variedades Depituca (Colocasia Esculenta). Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carri\u00f3n Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Escuela de Formaci\u00f3n Profesional de Industrias Alimentarias. Available online: http:\/\/repositorio.undac.edu.pe\/bitstream\/undac\/2555\/1\/T026_70137643_T.pdf."},{"key":"ref_40","unstructured":"Phoneyaphon, V., and Preston, T.R. (2016). Protein-enriched cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) root as replacement for ensiled taro (Colocasia esculenta) foliage as source of protein for growing Moo Lat pigs fed ensiled cassava root as basal diet. Livest. Res. Rural Dev., 28."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"AGROCALIDAD (2023, August 13). Instructivo para el Sacrificio y Disposici\u00f3n Final de Animales. Agencia Ecuatoriana de Aseguramiento de la Calidad del Agro. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganader\u00eda, Acuacultura y Pesca, Available online: https:\/\/www.agrocalidad.gob.ec\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/bi3.pdf."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Gali\u00e1n Jim\u00e9nez, M. (2007). Caracter\u00edsticas de la Canal y Calidad de la Carne, Composici\u00f3n Mineral y Lip\u00eddica del Cerdo Chato Murciano y su Cruce con Ib\u00e9rico. Efecto del Sistema de Manejo. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, University of Murcia]."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1017\/S1357729800053637","article-title":"Effects of dietary protein content and food intake on carcass characteristics and organ weights of growing iberian pigs","volume":"77","author":"Nieto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"155","article-title":"Cambios nutrimentales en el lech\u00f3n y desarrollo morfofisiol\u00f3gico de su aparato digestivo","volume":"43","author":"Barreyro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Mex."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"8","article-title":"Food energy\u2013Methods of analysis and conversion factors","volume":"Volume 77","author":"Maclean","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Technical Workshop Report"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.2527\/1996.7482021x","article-title":"Characterization of growth parameters needed as inputs for pig growth models","volume":"74","author":"Schinckel","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2010.12.002","article-title":"Carcass traits and organ weights of 10-25-Kg body weight iberian pigs fed diets with different protein-to-energy ratio","volume":"164","author":"Aguinaga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"Pardo Dom\u00ednguez, Z. (2022). Efectos Fisiol\u00f3gicos y Productivos del Estr\u00e9s por Calor en el Cerdo Ib\u00e9rico y Posibles Estrategias Nutricionales para Mitigarlo. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, University of Granada]."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"29","article-title":"Estr\u00e9s por calor: Influencia sobre la fisiolog\u00eda, comportamiento productivo y reproductivo del cerdo","volume":"12","author":"Gaxiola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Abanico Veterinario"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.17268\/sci.agropecu.2011.02.05","article-title":"Caracterizaci\u00f3n etnozoot\u00e9cnica y potencial carnicero de Sus scrofa \u201ccerdo criollo\u201d en Latinoam\u00e9rica","volume":"2","author":"Linares","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci. Agropecu."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"Castillo, L. (2023, August 13). Principales Razas Porcinas y Cruzamientos. Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria, Available online: https:\/\/repositorio.iniap.gob.ec\/bitstream\/41000\/1317\/1\/INIAP%20%20Bolet%c3%adn%20Divulgativo%20139.pdf."},{"key":"ref_52","unstructured":"Ch\u00e1vez Narv\u00e1ez, M.M. (2022). Evaluaci\u00f3n del Crecimiento y Grasa Dorsal del Cerdo Criollo del Cant\u00f3n Guamote Provincia de Chimborazo. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, Polytechnic Higher School of Chimborazo]. Available online: http:\/\/dspace.espoch.edu.ec\/bitstream\/123456789\/17515\/1\/17T01754.pdf."},{"key":"ref_53","first-page":"277","article-title":"Utilizaci\u00f3n de harina cruda de ra\u00edz de yuca (Manihot Esculenta C.) y harina cruda de cormos de ocumo chino (Colocasia esculenta) en la alimentaci\u00f3n de cerdos)","volume":"5","author":"Vecchionacce","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch. Latinoam. Prod. Anim."},{"key":"ref_54","unstructured":"Aguilar Mart\u00ednez, R.J. (2017). Inclusi\u00f3n de Harina de Follaje y Ra\u00edz de Yuca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) en Cerdos en Desarrollo y su Efecto Sobre el Comportamiento Productivo y Morfometria del Tracto Gastointestinal. [Bachelor\u2019s Thesis, Universidad Nacional Agraria]. Available online: https:\/\/repositorio.una.edu.ni\/id\/eprint\/3533."},{"key":"ref_55","first-page":"58","article-title":"Valor nutritivo de una combinaci\u00f3n de harina de yuca (Manlhot eaculenta) con puliduras de arroz, como sustituto de maiz en la alimentaci\u00f3n de pollos y cerdos","volume":"25","author":"Manjarrez","year":"1974","journal-title":"Tlle. Pec. Uex."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.4321\/S0004-05922012000300009","article-title":"Meat and carcass characteristics of growing pigs fed microbially enhanced cassava peel diets","volume":"61","author":"Aro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Zootec."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-012-0172-7","article-title":"Effect of replacing soybean protein by taro leaf (Colocasia esculenta (l.) schott) protein on growth performance of exotic (Landrace \u00d7 Yorkshire) and native (Moo Lath) Lao pigs","volume":"45","author":"Kaensombath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"183","article-title":"Effect of taro tubers silage (Colocasia Esculenta (L.) Schott) on the morphometry of the gastrointestinal tract of growing pigs","volume":"51","author":"Caicedo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cuban J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_59","unstructured":"Taysayavong, L., Lindberg, J.E., and Ivarsson, E. (2018). Digestibility, nitrogen retention, gut environment and visceral organ size in Moo Lath and Large White growing pigs fed un-fermented and fermented cassava root pulp and soybean pulp. Livest. Res. Rural. Dev., 30."},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"66","article-title":"Miel rica o ma\u00edz como fuente de energ\u00eda para cerdos en crecimiento. Interdependencia entre rasgos de comportamiento, digestibilidad rectal y \u00f3rganos digestivos","volume":"21","author":"Ly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev. Com. Prod. Porc."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731114000652","article-title":"Visceral organ weights, digestion and carcass characteristics of beef bulls differing in residual feed intake offered a high concentrate diet","volume":"8","author":"Fitzsimons","year":"2014","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Ortega, J.G., and Lucio, A.L. (2021). Dise\u00f1os Experimentales: Teor\u00eda y Pr\u00e1ctica para Experimentos Agropecuarios, Grupo Comp\u00e1s. [2nd ed.]. Available online: http:\/\/142.93.18.15:8080\/jspui\/handle\/123456789\/625."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-6679","article-title":"Effects of lowering dietary fiber before marketing on finishing pig growth perfor-mance, carcass characteristics, carcass fat quality, and intestinal weights","volume":"92","author":"Asmus","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/13\/19\/3086\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:04:45Z","timestamp":1760130285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/13\/19\/3086"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["ani13193086"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani13193086","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2076-2615"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]}}}