{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:09:08Z","timestamp":1788545348202,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PonDerat","award":["LIFE14 NAT\/IT\/000544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LIFE14 NAT\/IT\/000544"]}]},{"name":"PonDerat","award":["LIFE13 NAT\/IT\/000471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LIFE13 NAT\/IT\/000471"]}]},{"name":"RESTO CON LIFE","award":["LIFE14 NAT\/IT\/000544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LIFE14 NAT\/IT\/000544"]}]},{"name":"RESTO CON LIFE","award":["LIFE13 NAT\/IT\/000471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LIFE13 NAT\/IT\/000471"]}]},{"name":"Finanziamento MIUR Dipartimenti di Eccellenza \u201818-\u201922 per il Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie","award":["LIFE14 NAT\/IT\/000544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LIFE14 NAT\/IT\/000544"]}]},{"name":"Finanziamento MIUR Dipartimenti di Eccellenza \u201818-\u201922 per il Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie","award":["LIFE13 NAT\/IT\/000471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LIFE13 NAT\/IT\/000471"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Invasive species have a detrimental impact on native populations, particularly in island ecosystems, and they pose a potential zoonotic and wildlife threat. Black rats (Rattus rattus) are invasive species that disrupt native flora and fauna on islands and serve as potential competent reservoirs for various pathogens and parasites. Microparasites screening was conducted in rat populations from small islands in central Italy (the Pontine Islands and Pianosa) with the aim of assessing the role of rats in maintaining infections, particularly in cases where key reservoir hosts were scarce or absent. We focused on microparasites of zoonotic and veterinary relevance. A total of 53 rats was kill-trapped and target tissues were analysed with molecular techniques. We observed the absence or very low prevalence of Anaplasma spp., while Babesia was found in rats from all locations, marking the first recorded instance of Babesia divergens in wild rats. Data from Pianosa strongly suggest the presence of an autochthonous Leishmania infantum cycle in the Tuscan archipelago islands. Neospora caninum was absent from all islands, even in areas where dogs, the main reservoirs, were present. Toxoplasma gondii was only recorded on the Pontine Islands, where genotyping is needed to shed light on infection dynamics. This study confirms that invasive species, such as rats, may be responsible for maintaining an increased parasitological threat to fauna and human communities in certain ecosystems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13203279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T11:53:56Z","timestamp":1697802836000},"page":"3279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Zoonotic Microparasites in Invasive Black Rats (Rattus rattus) from Small Islands in Central Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7543-399X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Zanet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7134-8416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia","family":"Occhibove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Capizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate for Natural Capital, Latium Region, Parks and Protected Areas, Viale del Tintoretto 432, 00142 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Fratini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Biologia, Universit\u00e0 di Firenze, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Giannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parco Nazionale Arcipelago Toscano, Loc. Enfola, 57037 Portoferraio, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avner Dan","family":"Hoida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Sposimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nature and Environment Management Operators SRL (NEMO), Piazza Massimo D\u2019Azeglio 11, 50121 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flaminia","family":"Valentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ezio","family":"Ferroglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini, 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/20436","article-title":"Relative Risk of Extinction of Passerine Birds on Continents and Islands","volume":"399","author":"Manne","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2010.10.006","article-title":"The Impacts of Invasive Rodents on Island Invertebrates","volume":"144","author":"Clair","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol. 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