{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T16:38:20Z","timestamp":1783355900975,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation (RSF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21-74-20050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21-74-20050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anoxia is a significant challenge for most animals, as it can lead to tissue damage and death. Among amphibians, the Siberian frog Rana amurensis is the only known species capable of surviving near-zero levels of oxygen in water for a prolonged period. In this study, we aimed to compare metabolomic profiles of the liver, brain, and heart of the Siberian frog exposed to long-term oxygen deprivation (approximately 0.2 mg\/L water) with those of the susceptible Far Eastern frog (Rana dybowskii) subjected to short-term hypoxia to the limits of its tolerance. One of the most pronounced features was that the organs of the Far Eastern frog contained more lactate than those of the Siberian frog despite a much shorter exposure time. The amounts of succinate were similar between the two species. Interestingly, glycerol and 2,3-butanediol were found to be significantly accumulated under hypoxia in the Siberian frog, but not in the Far Eastern frog. The role and biosynthesis of these substances are still unclear, but they are most likely formed in certain side pathways of glycolysis. Based on the obtained data, we suggest a pathway for metabolic changes in the Siberian frog under anoxia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13213349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T11:50:18Z","timestamp":1698407418000},"page":"3349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Differences in Hypoxia Response between Far Eastern and Siberian Frogs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5604-5601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergei V.","family":"Shekhovtsov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Lavrentieva av. 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of the Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Portovaya 18, 685000 Magadan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3000-6476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina A.","family":"Bulakhova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of the Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Portovaya 18, 685000 Magadan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1380-3000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuri P.","family":"Tsentalovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina A.","family":"Zelentsova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nataliya A.","family":"Osik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya 3a, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina N.","family":"Meshcheryakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of the Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Portovaya 18, 685000 Magadan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana V.","family":"Poluboyarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Lavrentieva av. 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniil I.","family":"Berman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of the Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Portovaya 18, 685000 Magadan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e32833370cf","article-title":"Extreme Hypoxia Tolerance of Naked Mole-Rat Brain","volume":"20","author":"Larson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13436","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13436","article-title":"The Hypoxia Tolerance of Eight Related African Mole-rat Species Rivals That of Naked Mole-rats, despite Divergent Ventilatory and Metabolic Strategies in Severe Hypoxia","volume":"228","author":"Ivy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.69.031905.162529","article-title":"Hypoxia Tolerance in Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fishes: Life with Variable Oxygen Availability","volume":"69","author":"Bickler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. 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