{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:07:25Z","timestamp":1790741245108,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Equestrian Federation"},{"name":"World Horse Welfare"},{"name":"Dutch Equestrian Federation"},{"name":"Belgian Equestrian Federation"},{"name":"Swiss Equestrian Federation"},{"name":"French Equestrian Federation"},{"name":"German Equestrian Federation"},{"name":"British Equestrian Federation"},{"name":"International Dressage Riders and Trainers\u2019 Club"},{"name":"Sport Horse Research Foundation"},{"name":"Hartpury University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The public is increasingly questioning equestrianism\u2019s social license to operate. While the focus historically centered on horseracing, increased scrutiny is now being placed on how dressage, showjumping, and eventing are addressing equine management and welfare concerns. Nominated equestrian federation and equestrian organization experts (n = 104) directly involved in international and\/or national-level horse sports took part in a four-stage, iterative Delphi to obtain consensus on what factors should be considered essential to manage sporthorse health and welfare. Five core domains were agreed as essential: training management, competition management, young horse management, health status and veterinary management, and the horse\u2013human relationship. Two further domains: stable and environmental management, and welfare assessment were rated as important but not essential, as most respondents felt that these areas were already managed well. Participants felt increased education and guidance combined with further policy development and regulation are needed to support stakeholders to optimize sporthorse management. An appetite to engage with research to generate evidence that promotes sporthorse welfare was evident. The development of a sporthorse welfare charter and evidence-based guidelines to inform the management and monitoring of sporthorses\u2019 health and welfare are recommended to provide horses with a good life and to safeguard the future of equestrian sports.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13213404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T09:16:21Z","timestamp":1698916581000},"page":"3404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A Delphi Study to Determine International and National Equestrian Expert Opinions on Domains and Sub-Domains Essential to Managing Sporthorse Health and Welfare in the Olympic Disciplines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0695-3828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane M.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Department, Hartpury University, Gloucester GL19 3BE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8752-2885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lise C.","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of Copenhagen, Hoejbakkegaards Alle 5, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8759-0925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilary M.","family":"Clayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Kirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Sensors and Modeling, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Marlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AnimalWeb Ltd., Tennyson House, Cambridge CB4 0WZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4840-2650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayley","family":"Randle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4109-9284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Roepstroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1506-8097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marianne Sloet van","family":"Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Weishaupt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8680-6122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolien","family":"Munsters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Equine Integration B.V., Groenstraat 2c, 5528 NS Hoogeloon, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Campbell, M.L. 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