{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:40:34Z","timestamp":1760150434598,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701216000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.","award":["PCS3419001","PCS3620001","2020-2022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCS3419001","PCS3620001","2020-2022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Foreign body reactions (FBRs) are inadvertently observed in invading or artificially embedded materials, triggering inflammation and subsequent fibrotic processes to occur in situ. Here, we assessed the spatiotemporal formation of connective tissue around implanted materials to establish a technique using connective tissue formed by FBRs as xenografts. An acrylic resin implant, comprising a columnar inner rod and a tubular outer cylinder (OC) with several slits, was embedded in adult dairy cows. Tissues formed in the inner rod and OC groups were histologically analyzed at weeks 2, 4, 8, and 12. Edematous tissues with non-collagenous fibers formed for 2 weeks and showed increased cellularity after 4 weeks. The weight, thickness, amounts of total protein, collagen, DNA, and quantitative scores of \u03b1-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts or elastic fibers notably increased after 8 weeks, with condensed collagen fibers showing orientation. Inflammatory cells were primarily localized in tissues close to the OC, and their numbers increased, with the count of CD204+ cells peaking at 8 weeks and declining at 12 weeks. The count of Ki67+ proliferating cells slightly increased in tissues close to the OC; however, the number and lumen of CD31+ vessels increased. These results may help understand FBR-related tissue remodeling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13233700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]],"date-time":"2023-11-29T09:00:18Z","timestamp":1701248418000},"page":"3700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Structural Features of Connective Tissue Formed around Resin Implants Subcutaneously Embedded in Dairy Cows"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yuka","family":"Katayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6643-1554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osamu","family":"Ichii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3204-0245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teppei","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Science and Medicine, Department of Applied Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Yanase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"},{"name":"Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd., Tokyo 100-8322, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9913-9170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaya","family":"Hiraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5368-2672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Namba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0224-6197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teppei","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BRAST Livestock Clinic, BRAST Inc., Sapporo 004-0033, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Chitose 066-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9708-1284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natsuko","family":"Tsuzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Safety Research, Chitose Laboratory, Japan Food Research Laboratories, Chitose 066-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2846-6887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8859-6122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Kon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anatomy, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1021-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takanori","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Agrobiomedical Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2013.07.008","article-title":"Current understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms in fibroplasia and angiogenesis during acute wound healing","volume":"72","author":"Greaves","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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