{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T12:52:34Z","timestamp":1774529554264,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education)"},{"name":"ABQM (Brazilian Association of Quarter Horse Breeders)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Equestrian sports require precise animal welfare and health evaluations. To test the hypothesis that horses maintain their welfare when subjected to two three-barrel (3TB) races with 2 min intervals, an experiment was designed to evaluate their surface temperature using infrared thermography (IRT) in regions of interest (barrel, flank, neck, jaw, corner of the mouth, and ocular caruncle) and also measure blood biomarkers (hemogram, total plasma protein, fibrinogen, urea, creatinine, GGT, CK, cortisol, IL-6, and IL-1\u03b2). Ten Quarter Horses were monitored through thermography (pre-race, +1, +4, and +24 h post-race) and blood sampling (pre-race, +1, +4, and +24 h post-race). ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% were used. IRT in six regions of interest (Left\/Right\u2014barrel, flank, neck muscles) increased at +, with no differences between values recorded at +1 and +4 when compared to those measured pre-race (p &gt; 0.05). Plasma protein, RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, WBC count, neutrophils, and lymphocytes (p &lt; 0.05) increased immediately after the races, with recovery at +1 h. Other biomarkers did not change, including cortisol, IL-6, and IL-1\u03b2 (p &gt; 0.05). Results indicate that well-conditioned 3TB horses subjected to two races at short intervals do not show changes that could be related to impaired health or welfare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14040583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T11:42:05Z","timestamp":1707478925000},"page":"583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Welfare of Horses Competing in Three-Barrel Race Events Is Shown to Be Not Inhibited by Short Intervals between Starts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4632-1569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helio C. Manso","family":"Filho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa Equina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4485-0707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keity L. G.","family":"Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa Equina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2939-5590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina J. F. L.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa Equina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raissa K. S.","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Centro Universit\u00e1rio Cesmac, Macei\u00f3 57051-160, AL, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0439-7004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9sar F.","family":"Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, Americana 13474-470, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clarisse S.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade de \u00c9vora, 7006-554 \u00c9vora, Portugal"},{"name":"Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusofona University, 376 Campo Grande, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5223-9310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 D. Ribeiro","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4128-3831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena E. C. C. C.","family":"Manso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa Equina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Eleva\u00e7\u00e3o transit\u00f3ria da atividade s\u00e9rica das enzimas musculares em equinos ap\u00f3s exerc\u00edcio de vaquejada","volume":"17","author":"Souza","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cien. Vet. 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