{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T14:03:49Z","timestamp":1767276229149,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Third generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GCR) Enterobacterales are known to be prevalent in Madagascar, with high colonization or infection rates in particular in Madagascan patients. Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) have been reported to be the predominant underlying resistance mechanism in human isolates. So far, little is known on antimicrobial resistance and its molecular determinants in Enterobacterales and other bacteria causing enteric colonization of Madagascan wild animals. To address this topic, swabs from 49 animal stool droppings were collected in the Madagascan Tsimanapesotsa National Park and assessed by cultural growth of bacterial microorganisms on elective media. In addition to 7 Acinetobacter spp., a total of 31 Enterobacterales growing on elective agar for Enterobacterales could be isolated and subjected to whole genome sequencing. Enterobacter spp. was the most frequently isolated genus, and AmpC-type beta-lactamases were the quantitatively dominating molecular resistance mechanism. In contrast, the blaCTX-M-15 gene, which has repeatedly been associated with 3GC-resistance in Madagascan Enterobacterales from humans, was detected in a single Escherichia coli isolate only. The identification of the fosfomycin-resistance gene fosA in a high proportion of isolates is concerning, as fosfomycin is increasingly used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. In conclusion, the proof-of-principle assessment indicated a high colonization rate of resistant bacteria in stool droppings of Madagascan wild animals with a particular focus on 3GCR Enterobacterales. Future studies should confirm these preliminary results in a more systematic way and assess the molecular relationship of animal and human isolates to identify potential routes of transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14050741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T07:56:02Z","timestamp":1709106962000},"page":"741","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["ESBL-Type and AmpC-Type Beta-Lactamases in Third Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales Isolated from Animal Feces in Madagascar"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7018-4058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrich","family":"Schotte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department A\u2014Veterinary Medicine, Central Institute of the Bundeswehr Medical Service Kiel, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Ehlers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Nieter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department A\u2014Veterinary Medicine, Central Institute of the Bundeswehr Medical Service Kiel, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Rakotozandrindrainy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo BP 566, Madagascar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silver A.","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Competence Centre, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2225-7267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Torsten","family":"Semmler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genome Competence Centre, Robert Koch Institute, 13353 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8967-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hagen","family":"Frickmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4873-249X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sven","family":"Poppert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6167-1340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christa","family":"Ewers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Hygiene and Infectious Diseases of Animals, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S449","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz450","article-title":"Multicountry Distribution and Characterization of Extended-spectrum \u03b2-Lactamase-associated Gram-negative Bacteria from Bloodstream Infections in Sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"69","author":"Toy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. 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