{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T21:39:50Z","timestamp":1790026790925,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32272927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272927"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the pig farming industry, it is recommended to avoid groups when treating individuals to reduce adverse reactions in the group. However, can this eliminate the adverse effects effectively? Piglets were assigned to the Rewarding Group (RG), the Punishing Group (PG), and the Paired Control Group (PCG). There were six replicates in each group, with two paired piglets per replicate. One piglet of the RG and PG was randomly selected as the Treated pig (TP), treated with food rewards or electric shock, and the other as the Naive pig (NP). The NPs in the RG and PG were unaware of the treatment process, and piglets in the PCG were not treated. The behavior and heart rate changes of all piglets were recorded. Compared to the RG, the NPs in the PG showed longer proximity but less contact behavior, and the TPs in the PG showed more freezing behavior. The percentage change in heart rate of the NPs was synchronized with the TPs. This shows that after sensory avoidance, the untreated pigs could also feel the emotions of their peers and their emotional state was affected by their peers, and the negative emotions in the pigs lasted longer than the positive emotions. The avoidance process does not prevent the transfer of negative emotions to peers via emotional contagion from the stimulated pig.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14071110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,5]],"date-time":"2024-04-05T02:25:32Z","timestamp":1712283932000},"page":"1110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Emotional \u201cContagion\u201d in Piglets after Sensory Avoidance of Rewarding and Punishing Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ye","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuesong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyu","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8944-086X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9492-0507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Changjiang Road No. 600, Harbin 150030, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731116000586","article-title":"Acute Physiological Responses to Castration-Related Pain in Piglets: The Effect of Two Local Anesthetics with or without Meloxicam","volume":"10","author":"Bonastre","year":"2016","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camerlink, I., Farish, M., D\u2019Eath, R., Arnott, G., and Turner, S. 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