{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:03:27Z","timestamp":1760144607887,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This is the first description of cutaneous mucormycosis in buffalo in the Brazilian Amazon biome. All buffalo showed apathy, inappetence, weight loss, reluctance to move, and prolonged sternal decubitus. Of the four affected animals, two died 15 and 30 days after the appearance of clinical signs. In the initial phase, the skin lesions were rounded areas with dry central regions, sensitive to palpation, with protruding edges and diameters ranging from 8 cm to 15 cm. These areas of necrosis were isolated or coalescing and present mainly on the limbs and sides. In an advanced stage of the disease, there was detachment of the skin from the necrotic areas with extensive wound formation, which sometimes exposed the subcutaneous tissue. The histopathology of the skin showed a multifocal inflammatory infiltrate composed of intact and degenerated eosinophils surrounded by epithelioid macrophages. At the center of these areas was a focally extensive area of epidermal ulceration characterized by intact and degenerated neutrophils, the necrosis of epithelial cells, and the accumulation of fibrin and erythrocytes. The mycological culture was positive for Rhizopus sp. The diagnosis of cutaneous dermatitis caused by Rhizopus sp. was based on clinical signs, macroscopic and histopathological findings, and the identification of the fungus by mycological and molecular techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14091327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T06:13:22Z","timestamp":1714371202000},"page":"1327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cutaneous Mucormycosis in Buffalos in the Brazilian Amazon Biome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8915-5735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Diomedes","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1 (UFPA), Castanhal 68740-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7837-4246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila Cordeiro","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1 (UFPA), Castanhal 68740-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6142-0417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Eduardo da Silva","family":"Ferreira Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1 (UFPA), Castanhal 68740-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Francisco Gimenez","family":"Moran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1 (UFPA), Castanhal 68740-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos Magno Chaves","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1 (UFPA), Castanhal 68740-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrique dos Anjos","family":"Bomjardim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria, Instituto de Estudos do Tr\u00f3pico \u00damido da Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Par\u00e1 (Unifesspa), Xinguara 68557-335, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo S\u00e9rgio Chagas da","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade Antonio Leite FAL\/UniBTA, Campus Castanhal 68742-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8667-9434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marilene de Farias","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica (DESP), Instituto de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena Carolina","family":"Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Setor de Patologia Veterin\u00e1ria, Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eryca Ceolin","family":"Lamego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Setor de Patologia Veterin\u00e1ria, Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1895-6708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9ia","family":"Spanamberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Setor de Micologia, Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Driemeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Setor de Patologia Veterin\u00e1ria, Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91540-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/1808-1657000022014","article-title":"N\u00edvel tecnol\u00f3gico e organizacional da cadeia produtiva da bubalinocultura de corte no estado do Maranh\u00e3o","volume":"83","author":"Santos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arq. 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