{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:48:06Z","timestamp":1787240886533,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Novonesis Animal and Plant Health &amp; Nutrition","award":["AWD-103905"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AWD-103905"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO) lameness is a bone disease characterized by the translocation of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract, which colonize microfractures in broiler leg bones caused by rapid animal growth rate and weight gain, resulting in lameness. As such, BCO lameness represents a significant challenge for the poultry industry. This study aims to evaluate the effect of spraying broiler chicks on d0 at hatch with an Enterococcus faecium probiotic on the incidence of BCO-induced lameness, utilizing a Staphylococcus aureus challenge model. There were four treatments: (1) negative control (no probiotic + no challenge, NC); (2) positive control (no probiotic + challenge, PC); (3) low dosage (4.0 \u00d7 108 CFU\/chick + challenge, LOW); and (4) high dosage (2.0 \u00d7 109 CFU\/chick + challenge, HIGH). On d5, groups two through four were challenged with Staphylococcus aureus through the drinking water at a concentration of 1.0 \u00d7 105 CFU\/mL. Cumulative lameness incidence was determined through daily evaluations and necropsies conducted on lame birds starting from d22. Data were subjected to a binomial general regression analysis (significant p &lt; 0.05). On d56, the PC group exhibited the highest cumulative lameness incidence (58.0%; p &lt; 0.05), followed by LOW (36.0%), HIGH (28.7%), and NC groups (25.3%), respectively. These results suggest early probiotic application at day-of-hatch successfully reduced the incidence of lameness in challenged birds, thus contributing to understanding of efficient and sustainable broiler production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14091369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T03:57:56Z","timestamp":1714622276000},"page":"1369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Assessing the Impact of Spraying an Enterococcus faecium-Based Probiotic on Day-Old Broiler Chicks at Hatch on the Incidence of Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis Lameness Using a Staphylococcus Challenge Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5119-0355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anh Dang Trieu","family":"Do","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Anthney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9137-6734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Khawla","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6793-1833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andi","family":"Asnayanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"},{"name":"National Agency of Drug and Food Control, Jakarta 10520, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Meuter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Plant Health & Nutrition, Novonesis, 2970 H\u00f8rsholm, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5122-9150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adnan Ali Khalaf","family":"Alrubaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"USDA (2023). 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