{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T09:58:21Z","timestamp":1791021501418,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]],"date-time":"2024-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alberta Veterinary Laboratories Ltd. (AVL)"},{"name":"Solvet and Chinook Contract Research Inc. Lakeland College"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate the non-inferiority between lidocaine-impregnated ligation bands (LLBs) and control bands (CBs) with respect to the efficacy of castration and tail docking. Secondary objectives were to compare castration and tail-docking success, evaluate local site reactions, and compare average daily gain (ADG) between the treatment groups. A total of 238 male lambs were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive LLBs or CBs on their tail and scrotum. Lambs were weighed, had a health assessment, and the band site was observed on \u22123, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after the bands were applied. A linear regression model was built to assess average daily gain, whereas a repeated measures model was used to evaluate body weight differences at each of the measured timepoints. Furthermore, logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations with casting outcomes. Few differences were noted between treatment groups with respect to casting success for the scrotum and tail and ADG over the entire experimental period. Non-inferiority calculations demonstrated no differences in tail docking and scrotal casting success, with casting occurring for the majority of animals by d 21 and d 42 for castration and tail docking, respectively. However, lambs receiving LLBs gained more weight from d \u22123 to 7 (+0.03 kg\/d; 95% CI: 0 to 0.07), which may be an indication of effective pain control during the first week following band application. Overall, the use of an LLB does not affect the time to successful casting of the tail and could improve short-term growth when compared to a control band. Further studies are needed to compare LLBs to multimodal methods of pain relief.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14101403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,8]],"date-time":"2024-05-08T03:23:19Z","timestamp":1715138599000},"page":"1403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy of a Lidocaine-Impregnated Elastrator Band for Castration and Tail Docking in Lambs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6934-6497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven M.","family":"Roche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ACER Consulting Limited, Guelph, ON N1G 5L3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2757-1212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brenda J.","family":"Ralston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Research Team, Lakeland College, Vermilion, AB T9X 1K5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Veterinary Laboratories, Calgary, AB T2C 5N6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan D.","family":"Sharpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invetus Pty Ltd., Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crystal","family":"Schatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinook Contract Research Inc., Airdrie, AB T4A 0C3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kendall","family":"Beaugrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinook Contract Research Inc., Airdrie, AB T4A 0C3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0432-8383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinook Contract Research Inc., Airdrie, AB T4A 0C3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeleine A.","family":"Broomfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invetus Pty Ltd., Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1993-5554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Allan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinook Contract Research Inc., Airdrie, AB T4A 0C3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merle","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Veterinary Laboratories, Calgary, AB T2C 5N6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.134.18.463","article-title":"Lamb tail docking: A controlled field study of the effects of tail amputation on health and productivity","volume":"134","author":"French","year":"1994","journal-title":"Vet. 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