{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T05:17:23Z","timestamp":1768195043491,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) program","award":["2019QZKK0501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0501"]}]},{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) program","award":["32170419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170419"]}]},{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) program","award":["32270448"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32270448"]}]},{"name":"Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) program","award":["2022NSFSC1756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022NSFSC1756"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2019QZKK0501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0501"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32170419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170419"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32270448"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32270448"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022NSFSC1756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022NSFSC1756"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","award":["2019QZKK0501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019QZKK0501"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","award":["32170419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170419"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","award":["32270448"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32270448"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","award":["2022NSFSC1756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022NSFSC1756"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sex determination is remarkably diverse, with frequent transitions between sex chromosomes, in amphibians. Under these transitions, some chromosomes are more likely to be recurrently co-opted as sex chromosomes, as they are often observed across deeply divergent taxa. However, little is known about the pattern of sex chromosome evolution among closely related groups. Here, we examined sex chromosome and sex determination in two spiny frogs, Nanorana quadranus and Quasipaa yei. We conducted an analysis of genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data from a total of 34 individuals to identify sex-specific makers, with the results verified by PCR. The results suggest that chromosome 1 is a homologous sex chromosome with an XY pattern in both species. This chromosome has been evolutionarily conserved across these closely related groups within a period of time. The DMRT1 gene is proposed to be implicated in homology across two distantly related spiny frog species as a putative candidate sex-determining gene. Harboring the DMRT1 gene, chromosome 1 would have been independently co-opted for sex determination in deeply divergent groups of anurans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14131849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T12:27:33Z","timestamp":1718972853000},"page":"1849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Homology in Sex Determination in Two Distant Spiny Frogs, Nanorana quadranus and Quasipaa yei"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangjiong","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiaozhaizigou National Nature Reserve, Beichuan, Mianyang 622750, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3039-0527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaomao","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beukeboom, L.W., and Perrin, N. 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