{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T21:59:34Z","timestamp":1781819974994,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]],"date-time":"2024-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Robinson College (Friends of the College Fund)","award":["SPrj53"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPrj53"]}]},{"name":"School of Biological Science (Charles Slater Fund 2021)","award":["SPrj53"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPrj53"]}]},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge","award":["SPrj53"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPrj53"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001280","name":"Horserace Betting Levy Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SPrj53"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPrj53"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001280","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Information regarding the histopathology of the proximal phalanx (P1) sagittal groove in racehorses is limited. Twenty-nine cadaver limbs from nine Thoroughbred racehorses in racing\/race-training underwent histological examination. Histological specimens of the third metacarpal\/metatarsal (MC3\/MT3) parasagittal grooves and P1 sagittal grooves were graded for histopathological findings in hyaline cartilage (HC), calcified cartilage (CC), and subchondral plate and trabecular bone (SCB\/TB) regions. Histopathological grades were compared between (1) fissure and non-fissure locations observed in a previous study and (2) dorsal, middle, and palmar\/plantar aspects. (1) HC, CC, and SCB\/TB grades were more severe in fissure than non-fissure locations in the MC3\/MT3 parasagittal groove (p &lt; 0.001). SCB\/TB grades were more severe in fissure than non-fissure locations in the P1 sagittal groove (p &lt; 0.001). (2) HC, CC, and SCB\/TB grades including SCB collapse were more severe in the palmar\/plantar than the middle aspect of the MC3\/MT3 parasagittal groove (p &lt; 0.001). SCB\/TB grades including SCB collapse were more severe in the dorsal and middle than the palmar\/plantar aspect of the P1 sagittal groove (p &lt; 0.001). Histopathology in the SCB\/TB region including bone fatigue injury was related to fissure locations, the palmar\/plantar MC3\/MT3 parasagittal groove, and the dorsal P1 sagittal groove.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14131942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T04:53:27Z","timestamp":1719809607000},"page":"1942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Histological and Histopathological Features of the Third Metacarpal\/Tarsal Parasagittal Groove and Proximal Phalanx Sagittal Groove in Thoroughbred Horses with Racing History"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6048-1092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Szu-Ting","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alastair K.","family":"Foote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rossdales Veterinary Surgeons, Cotton End Rd, Exning, Newmarket CB8 7NN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2663-8737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas M.","family":"Bolas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hallmarq Veterinary Imaging, Unit 5 Bridge Park, Merrow Lane, Guildford GU4 7BF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9897-2489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Sargan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel C.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rossdales Veterinary Surgeons, Cotton End Rd, Exning, Newmarket CB8 7NN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.154.16.493","article-title":"Risk of fatal distal limb fractures among thoroughbreds involved in the five types of racing in the United Kingdom","volume":"154","author":"Parkin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. 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