{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T20:34:54Z","timestamp":1785270894666,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Persistent hemorrhage of testicular vessels is a potentially life-threatening complication of equine castration. Frequently, general anesthesia is required to retrieve and ligate the bleeding vasculature when standing wound packing and retrieval of the spermatic cord are unsuccessful. We propose standing laparoscopic ligation of the testicular arteries via the paralumbar fossa as a rapid, effective means of halting hemorrhage while avoiding castration site trauma as well as the cardiovascular and recovery risks of general anesthesia. Methods: Two geldings, 6 and 9 months old, presented for emergency treatment of severe post-castration hemorrhage of 10 and 24 h durations, respectively. Both geldings underwent standing laparoscopy under light sedation and the testicular vessels were ligated using a bipolar vessel-sealing device. Results: Testicular vessel sealing was successfully performed in both geldings by standing laparoscopy and resulted in immediate cessation of hemorrhage. In one case, a left paralumbar fossa approach allowed coagulation of both the left and right spermatic vessels. The procedure time was 25 and 35 min. No complications occurred, and both geldings recovered uneventfully. Conclusions: Standing, laparoscopic ligation of the testicular arteries is a feasible emergency treatment in young geldings and can be applied in cases of uncontrolled post-castration hemorrhage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14152252","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T16:14:58Z","timestamp":1722615298000},"page":"2252","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Emergency Standing Laparoscopic Treatment of Uncontrolled Post-Castration Hemorrhage in Two Geldings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Delvescovo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6868-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"McOnie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garett","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1636-2439","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brenna","family":"Pugliese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen S.","family":"Hackett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13035","article-title":"A prospective multicentre survey of complications associated with equine castration to facilitate clinical audit","volume":"51","author":"Hodgson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Equine Vet. 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Equine Vet."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13880","article-title":"A review of prevention and management of castration complications","volume":"36","author":"Baldwin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Equine Vet. Educ."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodden, E.B.K., Suthers, J.M., Busschers, E., Burford, J.H., and Freeman, S.L. (2024). A scoping review on intraoperative and postoperative surgical castration complications in domesticated equids. Equine Vet. J., 1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.14122"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"466","article-title":"Complications and risk factors of castration with primary wound closure: Retrospective study in 159 horses","volume":"58","author":"Robert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can. Vet. 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Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1111\/eve.13131","article-title":"A two-step ovariohysterectomy with unilateral left flank laparoscopic assistance in a Quarter Horse mare","volume":"32","author":"Kadic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Equine Vet. Educ."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12681","article-title":"Castration in the standing horse combining laparoscopic and conventional techniques","volume":"49","author":"Rijkenhuizen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Equine Vet. 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