{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T16:21:34Z","timestamp":1790266894426,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009881","name":"Regione Liguria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22ALA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22ALA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009881","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009881","name":"Regione Liguria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GR-2021-12374932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2021-12374932"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009881","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22ALA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22ALA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Italian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GR-2021-12374932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2021-12374932"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are a considerable public health problem worldwide. The occurrence of Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia spp., and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEv) was investigated via PCR and sequencing in 683 ticks collected from 105 roe deer, 61 wild boars, 49 fallow deer, and 2 chamois, in the Liguria region, northwest Italy, between 2019 and 2022. The ticks were morphologically identified. Four different tick species were found: Ixodes ricinus (66.8% of the collected ticks), Dermacentor marginatus (15.8%), Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.s. (15.7%), and Haemaphysalis punctata (0.9%). Six ticks (0.9%) were only identified as Rhipicephalus spp. Of the 222 pools analyzed, 27.9% were positive. Most pools (n = 58, 26.1% of pools analyzed) were positive for Rickettsia spp., and several species were found: Rickettsia slovaca was the dominant species (15.3%), followed by R. monacensis (8.1%), while R. helvetica (1.8%), R. massiliae (0.5%), and R. raoultii (0.5%) were found only sporadically. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was identified in three pools and B. burgdorferi s.l. in one pool. All samples were negative for C. burnetii and TBEv. Significant associations were found between I. ricinus and roe deer, D. marginatus and wild boar, and between R. monacensis and I. ricinus. The prevalence of Rickettsia spp. differed significantly between tick and host species. This updated picture of tick species and TBPs in wild ungulates in Liguria, where the population of these animals is increasing, shows a widespread presence of potentially zoonotic Rickettsia spp. Continuous monitoring and public information on preventive measures are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14162377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T06:23:20Z","timestamp":1723789400000},"page":"2377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens: Occurrence and Host Associations over Four Years of Wildlife Surveillance in the Liguria Region (Northwest Italy)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3018-8086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Guardone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Genova e Portualit\u00e0, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39, 16129 Genova, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Nogarol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Virologia Specialistica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Accorsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Genova e Portualit\u00e0, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39, 16129 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4357-4613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Epidemiologia\u2014Sanit\u00e0 Animale, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4292-475X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Listorti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Genova e Portualit\u00e0, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39, 16129 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Scala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Virologia Specialistica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Brusadore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Virologia Specialistica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria Nina","family":"Miceli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Virologia Specialistica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Wolfsgruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.S. Genova e Portualit\u00e0, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39, 16129 Genova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Guercio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nazionale di Referenza per <i>Anaplasma<\/i>, <i>Babesia<\/i>, <i>Rickettsia<\/i> e <i>Theileria<\/i> (C.R.A.Ba.R.T.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6766-9126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santina","family":"Di Bella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nazionale di Referenza per <i>Anaplasma<\/i>, <i>Babesia<\/i>, <i>Rickettsia<\/i> e <i>Theileria<\/i> (C.R.A.Ba.R.T.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1470-6496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Grippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.C. Diagnostica Sierologica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia A. 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