{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T10:36:08Z","timestamp":1782210968410,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000199","name":"United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal Health &amp; Disease","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["COLV 2021-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COLV 2021-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"2018, 2019, and 2022 Veterinary Summer Scholars Program","award":["COLV 2021-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COLV 2021-03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigates antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) Salmonella Typhimurium in poultry, focusing on how class I integrons contribute to AMR and virulence. Using whole genome sequencing, researchers analyzed 26 S. Typhimurium isolates from U.S. poultry, finding that three isolates contained integrons (1000 base pairs each). These integron-positive isolates exhibited significantly higher resistance to beta-lactams, phenicols, and tetracyclines compared to integron-free isolates (p = 0.004, 0.009, and 0.02, respectively) and harbored genes like ges, imp, and oxa, which are linked to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase resistance. Most AMR gene classes (64%) were chromosome-based, with integron-positive isolates showing a broader array of resistance genes, including catB and tetA. Integron-bearing isolates had higher occurrences of bacteriocin genes and specific AMR genes like aminoglycoside and beta-lactam resistance genes, while integron-free isolates had more fimbrial and pilus genes. The presence of integrons may trend with increased AMR genes and virulence factors, highlighting the role of integron screening in enhancing AMR surveillance and reducing the need for high-priority antimicrobial treatments in poultry. These findings could support better AMR stewardship practices in poultry production, potentially lowering infection risks in humans and livestock.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14233483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T13:34:04Z","timestamp":1733146444000},"page":"3483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Integron-Mediated Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factors in Salmonella Typhimurium Isolated from Poultry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1587-7595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8146-5664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora Jean","family":"Nealon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Medicine & Pathobiology, Shreiber School of Veterinary Medicine, Rowan University, Mullica Hill, NJ 08062, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5780-2554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"},{"name":"California Department of Food & Agriculture, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cydney","family":"Jardine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Magnuson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9234-0082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangeeta","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/1757913917743881","article-title":"WHO Global Priority Pathogens List on Antibiotic Resistance: An Urgent Need for Action to Integrate One Health Data","volume":"138","author":"Vanitha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Perspect. 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