{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:58:21Z","timestamp":1789707501846,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":291,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent decades, it has become apparent that during parturition events in a number of social mammals, social support behaviours from group mates can be directed to parturient females (and their newborn neonates). Such behaviour has been documented in diverse taxa, across non-human primates, Elephantidae, Cetacea, and Chiroptera, living in a range of social group organisations, from matrilineal groups to cooperatively breeding groups and multi-male, multi-female groups. Since sociality, in association with parturition, has been demonstrated to confer several health benefits to human mothers and neonates, here, we also consider the potential adaptive significance of social support behaviours for other, non-human, social mammals. If appropriate social environments reduce a parturient female\u2019s dystocia risk and improve her responsiveness to her neonate following a successful birth, then the impacts of the peri-parturient social environment may ultimately have far-reaching impacts on the mother\u2013neonate dyad\u2019s fitness. This seems a logical sequela since the health condition of a neonate at birth and the successful establishment of a strong maternal-neonate bond are often the most critical factors influencing mammalian offspring survival to independence. The principles of kin selection and alliance enhancement may serve to explain the fitness benefits to individuals who support group mates during their parturition and thus the selective advantage conferred to those exhibiting such behaviours. Older, multiparous females appear to hold a particularly important role in the assistance they can provide during the parturition of their group mates, given their greater level of experience of these events. Furthermore, a social birth may have an important influence on horizontal information transfer within a group. In particular, in long-lived, cognitively advanced social mammals (e.g., non-human primates, Elephantidae, Cetacea), witnessing birth events, early neonate responses, and maternal care, and engaging in allomaternal care with young neonates may be essential for nulliparous females\u2019 normal development. Such events may serve to prepare them for their own parturition and may improve their own parturition-related survivorship and that of their first-born offspring. Thus, it is vital that a better understanding is gained of the importance and salient features of social births in improving the health and survivorship outcomes for both the mother and her offspring in highly social species. The aim of this commentary is to assemble our current understanding of these highly interconnected themes. We suggest in the future, insights gained through observation of non-human social parturition in domestic and non-domestic species, by a wide and highly interdisciplinary range of stakeholders (including zookeepers, wildlife tourism guides, breeders of domestic animals, indigenous people, and ethologists), will be critical for enhancing our understanding of the influence of social environment on this rarely witnessed, yet highly important life event.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14243601","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T10:34:12Z","timestamp":1734086052000},"page":"3601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Commentary on the Adaptive Significance of Sociality Around Parturition Events, and Conspecific Support of Parturient Females in Some Social Mammals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3921-8608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connie","family":"Allen Wild","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9765-3192","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Yon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington LE12 5RD, UK"},{"name":"Elephant Welfare International, 35-37 Ludgate Hill, London EX4 4QG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330350605","article-title":"The evolution of modern human childbirth","volume":"35","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. 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