{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T22:50:28Z","timestamp":1784847028019,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Programma Operativo Nazionale Ricerca e Innovazione 2014\u20132020","award":["CCI 2014IT16M2OP005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCI 2014IT16M2OP005"]}]},{"name":"Programma Operativo Nazionale Ricerca e Innovazione 2014\u20132020","award":["CN00000022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000022"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Sociale Europeo","award":["CCI 2014IT16M2OP005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCI 2014IT16M2OP005"]}]},{"name":"Fondo Sociale Europeo","award":["CN00000022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000022"]}]},{"name":"Azione I.1 \u201cDottorati Innovativi con caratterizzazione Industriale\u201d","award":["CCI 2014IT16M2OP005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCI 2014IT16M2OP005"]}]},{"name":"Azione I.1 \u201cDottorati Innovativi con caratterizzazione Industriale\u201d","award":["CN00000022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000022"]}]},{"name":"European Union Next-GenerationEU (Piano nazionale di ripresa e resilienza (PNRR)","award":["CCI 2014IT16M2OP005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCI 2014IT16M2OP005"]}]},{"name":"European Union Next-GenerationEU (Piano nazionale di ripresa e resilienza (PNRR)","award":["CN00000022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CN00000022"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cortisol and DHEA(S) are markers of allostatic load and resilience; as such, they may be added to the definition of performance measures alongside immunocompetence. We aimed at studying the potential carryover effects of management practices on growth performances and the interrelationship between the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal (HPA) axis, immunocompetence and performances during the preweaning period in dairy calves. This study consisted of first a retrospective cohort study and second a prospective study. Calves had their growth performances and disease occurrence recorded, and their hair steroids (T1 at 20.03 \u00b1 0.39 and T2 at 50.83 \u00b1 0.41 days from birth) and plasmatic and colostral immunoglobulin G (IgG) was measured by immunoassays. The occurrence of preweaning diseases and the duration of individual housing negatively correlated to body weight (BW) at 60 days and the hair cortisol-to-DHEA(S) ratio (HC\/HDHEA(S)) (T2) was negatively correlated to the daily weight gain (DWG) (\u22120.36; p &lt; 0.05), plasmatic IgG (plaIgG) and the apparent efficiency of absorption (AEA) (\u22120.41; p &lt; 0.01). Our results confirmed that the occurrence of diseases during the preweaning period and individual housing duration are pivotal for calves\u2019 growth. This prospective study highlighted a detrimental effect of allostatic load on immunocompetence and described a link between resilience and growth performances.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14243708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T08:16:07Z","timestamp":1734941767000},"page":"3708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploring Relationship Between Immunocompetence, HPA Axis Functioning and Performances of Preweaning Dairy Calves"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5279-9577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Cotticelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Bifulco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilde","family":"Giombolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2972-7804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Pividori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2926-8292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfio","family":"Calanni Macchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0989-6072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Neglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Federico II University, 80137 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6921-3210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirco","family":"Corazzin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Prandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5154-4222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tanja","family":"Peric","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Animal Science, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-10198","article-title":"Stress, Immunity, and the Management of Calves","volume":"99","author":"Hulbert","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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