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Macrolide resistance poses an urgent threat to their treatment, as macrolides are widely used for preventing and treating G. parasuis infections. Here, we determined the susceptibilities to five macrolides and characterized the genetic markers of macrolide resistance. The antimicrobial susceptibility of 117 G. parasuis isolates to erythromycin, tulathromycin, gamithromycin, tylosin, and tilmicosin was evaluated using broth microdilution method. Erythromycin-resistant isolates were sequenced using whole-genome sequencing. Further analysis of these sequences revealed the genetic basis of macrolide resistance in G. parasuis. Our results show that most G. parasuis isolates remained susceptible to the macrolide drugs. For commonly used agents (e.g., tylosin and tilmicosin), elevated minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were observed, whereas for the newer macrolides (e.g., tulathromycin and gamithromycin), the MICs remained almost unchanged. The macrolide resistance gene erm(T) and the A2059G mutation in 23S rRNA were detected in the current study. To the best of our knowledge, integrative and conjugative element (ICE)-borne erm(T) in G. parasuis is reported for the first time in this study. Taken together, these results provide insights into the susceptibility of G. parasuis to macrolides. The presence of erm(T) on ICEs may facilitate its transfer, reducing the effectiveness of macrolide treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15020164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T03:48:11Z","timestamp":1736480891000},"page":"164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Glaesserella parasuis to Macrolides and Characterization of erm(T)-Carrying Mobile Elements on Chromosome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changmin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuna","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianwen","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangxing","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues, Veterinary Pharmacology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.003730","article-title":"Phylogenomic analysis of Haemophilus parasuis and proposed reclassification to Glaesserella parasuis, gen. nov., comb. nov","volume":"70","author":"Dickerman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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Agents"}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/15\/2\/164\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T10:26:12Z","timestamp":1759919172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/15\/2\/164"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["ani15020164"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani15020164","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]}}}