{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T08:33:50Z","timestamp":1761294830684,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brasil (CAPES)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.200614\/2018-01","01.02.016301.02785\/2021-21","01.02.016301.03247\/2021-54","APQ-01227-22","APQ-04309-22","422010\/2021-9","405706\/2022-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.200614\/2018-01","01.02.016301.02785\/2021-21","01.02.016301.03247\/2021-54","APQ-01227-22","APQ-04309-22","422010\/2021-9","405706\/2022-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004916","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.200614\/2018-01","01.02.016301.02785\/2021-21","01.02.016301.03247\/2021-54","APQ-01227-22","APQ-04309-22","422010\/2021-9","405706\/2022-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.200614\/2018-01","01.02.016301.02785\/2021-21","01.02.016301.03247\/2021-54","APQ-01227-22","APQ-04309-22","422010\/2021-9","405706\/2022-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004916","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.200614\/2018-01","01.02.016301.02785\/2021-21","01.02.016301.03247\/2021-54","APQ-01227-22","APQ-04309-22","422010\/2021-9","405706\/2022-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.200614\/2018-01","01.02.016301.02785\/2021-21","01.02.016301.03247\/2021-54","APQ-01227-22","APQ-04309-22","422010\/2021-9","405706\/2022-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.200614\/2018-01","01.02.016301.02785\/2021-21","01.02.016301.03247\/2021-54","APQ-01227-22","APQ-04309-22","422010\/2021-9","405706\/2022-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.200614\/2018-01","01.02.016301.02785\/2021-21","01.02.016301.03247\/2021-54","APQ-01227-22","APQ-04309-22","422010\/2021-9","405706\/2022-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infections with Flavobacterium oreochromis pose risks to the production of Colossoma macropomum. Since no therapeutic treatment exists for this disease in this aquatic host, prophylaxis through vaccination is one method for disease control. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is widely used in aquaculture to assess animal immunity and, mainly, to validate vaccination protocols. The method based on the use of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) is an alternative to mammalian antibodies that should be considered due to its advantages over antibodies produced by small mammals. This study aimed to standardize an indirect ELISA (iELISA) protocol to validate the immunization of C. macropomum against F. oreochromis. For this, a hen and fish were immunized to obtain anti-C. macropomum and anti-F. oreochromis antibodies, respectively, which were used to standardize the test. Fish were inoculated with bacterin + adjuvant, bacterin alone, adjuvant alone, or phosphate-buffered saline, subjected to blood sampling, and monitored for up to 60 days. The iELISA was composed of the inactivated bacteria in the coating step, C. macropomum anti-Flavobacterium oreochromis as the primary antibody, and anti-C. macropomum IgY as the secondary antibody. The results demonstrate that the highest antibody titers were found in the organisms immunized with bacterin + adjuvant and bacterin. The iELISA enabled the detection of antibodies produced by C. macropomum, which were mediated by IgY specificity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15060869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T12:03:06Z","timestamp":1742299386000},"page":"869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Based on Immunoglobulin Y Antibodies for the Evaluation of Humoral Immunity Against Flavobacterium oreochromis in Colossoma macropomum: A Preliminary Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0902-2727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Vit\u00f3ria Lobo","family":"Corado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8385-1457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elcimara Cardoso","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ta\u00edsa Freitas","family":"Botinelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9122-1145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliane Corr\u00eaa","family":"Gl\u00f3ria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Le\u00f4nidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amaz\u00f4nia, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biologia da Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Pat\u00f3geno Hospedeiro, Instituto Le\u00f4nidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amaz\u00f4nia, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9087-3822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael Luckwu de","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 de Lima Guerra","family":"Corado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0358-3371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Alcirley da Silva","family":"Balieiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Le\u00f4nidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amaz\u00f4nia, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biologia da Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Pat\u00f3geno Hospedeiro, Instituto Le\u00f4nidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amaz\u00f4nia, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9017-170X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds Andr\u00e9 Morais","family":"Mari\u00faba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Le\u00f4nidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amaz\u00f4nia, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biologia da Intera\u00e7\u00e3o Pat\u00f3geno Hospedeiro, Instituto Le\u00f4nidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amaz\u00f4nia, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69057-070, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia Umeda","family":"Gallani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2735-2562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme Campos","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Veterin\u00e1ria Preventiva, Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/raq.12164","article-title":"South American Fish for Continental Aquaculture","volume":"10","author":"Gallani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev. 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