{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T01:08:04Z","timestamp":1768266484377,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","award":["188\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["188\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","award":["520\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["520\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","award":["400\/2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["400\/2024"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thermal manipulation (TM) during embryogenesis has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance post-hatch performance and improve resilience to environmental and bacterial stress, which offers a potential alternative to reduce the reliance on antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in broiler production. This study investigated TM\u2019s ability to modulate broilers\u2019 cecal microbiota and enhance resilience to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced stress. Eggs in the control group (CON) were incubated at 37.8 \u00b0C and 56% relative humidity (RH), while TM eggs were exposed to 39 \u00b0C and 65% RH for 18 h daily from embryonic days 10\u201318. Post-hatch, the LPS subgroups (LPS-CON, LPS-TM) received intraperitoneal LPS injections, and body weight (BW) and temperature (BT) were monitored. Cecal samples were collected for microbiome sequencing. Alpha diversity showed no differences (p &gt; 0.05), but beta diversity revealed differences between groups (PERMANOVA, p &lt; 0.05). Firmicutes and Bacteroidota dominated the microbiota at the phylum level. Oscillospirales were enriched in the TM groups (p &lt; 0.001) and Lactobacillales were increased in the LPS-CON group (p &lt; 0.019). LPS reduced BT in the CON group (p &lt; 0.01), but LPS-TM birds bypassed hypothermia. LPS significantly reduced BW (p &lt; 0.001), while TM had no significant effect. These findings demonstrate TM\u2019s enduring influence on gut microbiota and stress resilience, highlighting its potential to reduce antibiotic reliance and mitigate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in poultry production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15081149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:48:46Z","timestamp":1744850926000},"page":"1149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effects of Embryonic Thermal Manipulation on Body Performance and Cecum Microbiome in Broiler Chickens Following a Post-Hatch Lipopolysaccharide Challenge"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6943-5225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seif","family":"Hundam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4404-2889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Borhan","family":"Al-Zghoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3725-1471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa","family":"Ababneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5759-4581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lo\u2019ai","family":"Alanagreh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rahmeh","family":"Dahadha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mayyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1001-7215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daoud","family":"Alghizzawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7960-0007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minas A.","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3482-1400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David E.","family":"Gerrard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4690-9220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rami A.","family":"Dalloul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"FAO (2023). 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