{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:17:22Z","timestamp":1760059042422,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In human medicine, neurological diseases have been associated with transient cardiac abnormalities. In horses, myocardial disease is rarely diagnosed and has been associated with a wide variety of causes. The aim of this article is to describe three horses with no previous cardiac disease, which all developed severe cardiomyopathy following neurological disease. A 5-year-old Shetland pony stallion was diagnosed with cardiomyopathy with arrhythmias following an episode of seizures caused by an accidental intra-arterial xylazine injection. A 20-year-old crossbred mare was hospitalised for an open fracture of the left maxillary bone with copious epistaxis from both nostrils and developed acute cardiomyopathy with arrhythmias following a venous air embolism. Both had elevated troponin concentrations. Multifocal areas of haemorrhages and coagulative necrosis within the myocardium were found at the post-mortem examination of a 4-year-old thoroughbred gelding who died shortly after suffering acute brain injury following a backward fall. Based on this report, we suggest that myocardial injury can also occur in horses following neurological disease. Equine patients with acute neurological disease may benefit from cardiac monitoring; otherwise, patients with unspecific or mild symptoms of cardiomyopathy are likely to remain unidentified. The prognosis associated with this type of cardiac disease remains to be defined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15101447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T03:51:03Z","timestamp":1747626663000},"page":"1447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Can Acute Neurological Disease Cause Cardiomyopathy in Horses?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2273-5377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Vitale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Veterinario, Departamento de Medicina y Cirug\u00eda Animal, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6526-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Velloso \u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Veterinario, Departamento de Medicina y Cirug\u00eda Animal, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-4183-4226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"de la Cuesta-Torrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Veterinario, Departamento de Medicina y Cirug\u00eda Animal, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0768-3071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patricia","family":"Neira-Egea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Veterinario, Departamento de Medicina y Cirug\u00eda Animal, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, 46115 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3382-5319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Vandecandelaere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Goulburn Valley Equine Hospital, Congupna, VIC 3633, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Tee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7368-6646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Gimeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Primary Industries, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Woodbridge Road, Menangle, Sydney, NSW 2568, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0689-7141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaby","family":"van Galen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia"},{"name":"Goulburn Valley Equine Hospital, Congupna, VIC 3633, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cveq.2018.12.005","article-title":"Pericardial Disease, Myocardial Disease, and Great Vessel Abnormalities in Horses","volume":"35","author":"Decloedt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vet. 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