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The novel postbiotic heat-treated (HT) Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CECT 9161 inhibited growth and biofilm formation of oral microorganisms in vitro. The in vitro growth of saliva-derived biofilms was also inhibited and revealed microbiome modulation. Two doses of the postbiotic (LOW: 5 mg dog\/day, HIGH: 25 mg\/dog\/day) were assessed in a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, 57-day clinical trial involving 60 dogs. Associations were found between the postbiotic, reduced plaque formation, and modulation of the oral microbiome, including increased abundance of genes involved in denitrification, heme and catechol biosynthesis, and oxidative stress reduction. The results suggest that HT Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CECT 9161 may support oral health in dogs by modifying the microbiome of supragingival plaque and reducing plaque formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15111615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T03:19:38Z","timestamp":1748834378000},"page":"1615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Postbiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum CECT 9161 Influences the Canine Oral Metagenome and Reduces Plaque Biofilm Formation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Florit-Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Rago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9833-7039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonia","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bellahanum","family":"Guzelkhanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6540-9409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e0","family":"Pont-Beltran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1939-5642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Araceli","family":"Lamelas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Carmen","family":"Solaz-Fuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8419-7909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan F.","family":"Martinez-Blanch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Enrique","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Garc\u00eda-Lainez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3267-6561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bob T.","family":"Rosier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Fisabio, 46020 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Day","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, Somerset TA13 5JH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0707-9244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teresa","family":"Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, 46980 Paterna, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhiannon","family":"Batchelor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ontario Nutri Lab, Fergus, ON N1M 2W4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4375-434X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie L.","family":"Nixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADM R&D Health & Wellness, Somerset TA13 5JH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-022-00163-7","article-title":"Oral microbiota in human systematic diseases","volume":"14","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. 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