{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:21:41Z","timestamp":1760059301393,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32373131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32373131"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nr5a2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group a, member 2) is involved in gonad development and sex hormone synthesis. In this study, the full length of Nr5a2f and Nr5a2m were obtained by Nr5a2 variable splicing from Andrias davidianus, and the tissue distribution was detected. We identified Nr5a2f of 2455 bp and Nr5a2m of 2150 bp length, encoding 479 and 325 amino, respectively. We first characterized Nr5a2f and Nr5a2m gene expression in developing gonads. Results showed that Nr5a2f had significantly high expression in the ovary and little expression in other tissues, during the sex differentiation and sex reversal, Nr5a2f expression was gradually decreased in the ovary and the expression in the testis was significantly lower than in the ovary from 1 year to 6 year old. Significantly high expression was observed in the ovary and reversal ovary, while low expression was in the testis and reversal testis. While Nr5a2m expression exhibited the opposite profile, high expression was observed in the brain and testis. During sex differentiation and sex reversal, high expression was shown in the testis and low expression in the ovary from one year to six years old and significantly higher expression emerged in testis and reversal testis than in ovary and reversal ovary. In situ hybridization, results showed that Nr5a2f began to express in female undifferentiated gonads and the expression level increased from 48 dpf to 91, while Nr5a2m was expressed in male undifferentiated gonads. Three RNA interference sites were designed and we detected that site 293 exhibited a significant inhibitory effect in ovary cells. After Nr5a2f expression was inhibited by site 293, we observed that female-based gene Nr5a2f, foxl2 and cyp19 expression were decreased, while the male-based gene dmrt1 and cyp17 expression was increased. These results suggested that Nr5a2f and Nr5a2m exhibited different expression patterns in the process of sex differentiation, which provided a foundation for further functional characterizations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15111667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T05:49:22Z","timestamp":1749102562000},"page":"1667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Differential Expression Characteristics of Two Isoforms nr5a2f and nr5a2m in Gonadal Differentiation of Chinese Giant Salamanders, Andrias davidianus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guanglve","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jun Ding Fisheries Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200082, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiaqing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0975-2401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenyin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiaomu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.472008","article-title":"Liver receptor homolog 1 is essential for ovulation","volume":"22","author":"Duggavathi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00019.2018","article-title":"The Orphan Nuclear Receptors Steroidogenic Factor-1 and Liver Receptor Homolog-1: Structure, Regulation, and Essential Roles in Mammalian Reproduction","volume":"99","author":"Meinsohn","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. 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