{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T18:17:27Z","timestamp":1767205047245,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agricultural Research Foundation Competitive Grants Program 2023\u20132025 at Oregon State University"},{"name":"Oregon Sheep Commission 2025"},{"name":"Charles E. and Clara Marie Eckelman Graduate Fellowship"},{"name":"Oregon Sheep Growers Association Scholarship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mineral imbalances in sheep can have significant health and economic consequences, yet regional assessments of trace mineral and toxic element status are limited. Oregon is an endemically selenium (Se)-deficient region, but a statewide evaluation has not been conducted. This study assessed whole blood concentrations of 18 elements in 370 clinically normal ewes from 56 farms across Oregon to determine the prevalence of deficiencies and potential toxic exposures. A deficiency threshold of &lt;120 ng Se\/mL whole blood was used. We found that 28% of animals were Se-deficient, and 27% of farms had an average whole blood Se below this threshold. No animals reportedly showed overt clinical signs of deficiency or toxicity, and no excessive exposure to toxic elements such as arsenic, lead, or cadmium was found. We also compared mineral concentrations in blood collected using standard EDTA tubes versus mineral-free EDTA tubes, and in whole blood versus plasma, to assess alternative sampling strategies. Strong correlations (r &gt; 0.9) for Se, cobalt (Co), and molybdenum (Mo) between plasma and whole blood allowed for the derivation of conversion equations. These findings provide updated insights into the mineral status of Oregon sheep, contribute to whole blood reference data, and support practical alternatives to improve trace mineral testing in field conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15121799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T09:36:00Z","timestamp":1750239360000},"page":"1799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Status of Selenium and Other Essential and Toxic Elements in Oregon Grazing Sheep"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3391-0098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniella","family":"Hasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9187-4939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine R.","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gene","family":"Pirelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0674-1892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Bionaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-013-9698-4","article-title":"Influence of different amounts and sources of selenium supplementation on performance, some blood parameters, and nutrient digestibility in lambs","volume":"154","author":"Alimohamady","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol. 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