{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:31:26Z","timestamp":1787027486274,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos","award":["04274-R-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04274-R-17"]}]},{"name":"Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos","award":["A17080531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A17080531"]}]},{"name":"Proyectos de Investigaci\u00f3n con financiamiento para Grupos de Investigaci\u00f3n 2017","award":["04274-R-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04274-R-17"]}]},{"name":"Proyectos de Investigaci\u00f3n con financiamiento para Grupos de Investigaci\u00f3n 2017","award":["A17080531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A17080531"]}]},{"name":"VRIP-UNMSM","award":["04274-R-17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04274-R-17"]}]},{"name":"VRIP-UNMSM","award":["A17080531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A17080531"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In remote alpaca breeding regions, access to advanced sperm analysis laboratories is limited. This study validates a practical cytometric method for evaluating sperm viability and acrosomal integrity in epididymal alpaca sperm using early fluorochrome staining, formaldehyde fixation, and intermediate storage. Thirty-two testes were transported at 5 \u00b0C, and spermatozoa were collected from the cauda epididymis. After morphometric screening, 26 samples were included. Aliquots were stained with Zombie Green (viability) and FITC\u2013PSA (acrosomal integrity), at time zero. Each aliquot was divided for cytometric analysis at T0 (immediately), T24 (24 h after formaldehyde fixation) and T1w (1 week post-fixation). Fixed samples showed higher viability and acrosomal integrity values (T24: 70.75%, 97.24%; T1w: 71.80%, 97.21%) than T0 (67.63%, 95.89%). This may reflect fluorescence alterations associated with fixation. Strong correlations and Bland\u2013Altman analysis confirmed consistency across time points. This method enables accurate sperm quality evaluation up to one week after collection, offering a useful tool for reproductive monitoring in field conditions without immediate analysis. Further research on ejaculated semen and field protocols is recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15152282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T07:49:58Z","timestamp":1754380198000},"page":"2282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Field-Compatible Cytometric Assessment of Epididymal Alpaca Sperm Viability and Acrosomal Integrity Using Fluorochrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9740-5490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexei","family":"Santiani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), 2800 Circunvalaci\u00f3n Av., San Borja, Lima 15021, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Cucho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), 2800 Circunvalaci\u00f3n Av., San Borja, Lima 15021, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josselyn","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), 2800 Circunvalaci\u00f3n Av., San Borja, Lima 15021, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), 2800 Circunvalaci\u00f3n Av., San Borja, Lima 15021, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1756-768X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM), 2800 Circunvalaci\u00f3n Av., San Borja, Lima 15021, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6105-1889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirley","family":"Evangelista-Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biotecnolog\u00eda Reproductiva Animal, Direcci\u00f3n General de Investigaci\u00f3n, Desarrollo e Innovaci\u00f3n, Universidad Cient\u00edfica del Sur (UCSUR), Panamericana Sur Km. 19, Villa el Salvador, Lima 15018, Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.20615","article-title":"Comparing flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy for analyzing human sperm DNA fragmentation by TUNEL labeling","volume":"73","author":"Muratori","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cytom. 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