{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T14:58:33Z","timestamp":1781967513527,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hatch","award":["7004774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7004774"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We investigated the development of IVF porcine embryos incubated in microwells of Well-of-the-Well (WOW) culture dishes. In Experiment 1, 500 embryos were cultured under five different culture conditions: 10 individual embryos in microwells covered by 50 \u03bcL PZM-3 medium (50 \u03bcL WOW); 10 embryos together in a well of 50 \u03bcL PZM-3 (50 \u03bcL Well); 10 embryos in microwells covered by 20 \u03bcL PZM-3 (20 \u03bcL WOW); 10 embryos in a well of 20 \u03bcL PZM-3 (20 \u03bcL Well); and 10 embryos in a 20 \u03bcL drop of PZM-3 in traditional dishes (control). In Experiment 2, the best-performing treatment group from Experiment 1 (50 \u03bcL WOW) was further compared to control using a total of 350 embryos. There was no difference in the percentage of cleaved embryos among the groups in both experiments. In Experiment 1, the percentage of blastocysts from 50 \u03bcL WOW (42.00 \u00b1 6.29%) was higher (p = 0.001) than in 50 \u03bcL Well (29.00 \u00b1 4.58%), 20 \u03bcL WOW (13.00 \u00b1 2.13%), 20 \u03bcL Well (20.00 \u00b1 2.98%) and control (25.00 \u00b1 5.22%). Similarly, in Experiment 2, blastocyst formation and nuclei number in the blastocysts from 50 \u03bcL WOW (37.86 \u00b1 3.95% and 38.97 \u00b1 1.80) were higher (p = 0.040 and p = 0.017) than in the control (28.10 \u00b1 2.64% and 33.21 \u00b1 1.56). The results indicate that individual culture in microwells improves the development of IVF pig embryos.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15172528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T07:43:16Z","timestamp":1756366996000},"page":"2528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development of IVF Porcine Embryos in Microwell Culture System"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3605-7143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayode","family":"Balogun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoltan","family":"Machaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270 S. Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"212","article-title":"Advancing Swine Models for Human Health and Diseases","volume":"110","author":"Walters","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mo. 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