{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T23:12:12Z","timestamp":1776726732974,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A 2-year-old Aberdeen Angus cow was presented with lethargy and decreased appetite at the VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine Large Animal Teaching Hospital. Initial clinical examination revealed cyanosis, tachycardia, polycythemia, and a significant increase in lactate levels. The heifer experienced spontaneous death while hospitalized, prompting a postmortem examination. Gross evaluation demonstrated that the aorta arose entirely from the right ventricle, while the main pulmonary artery maintained its normal position, consistent with a diagnosis of double-outlet right ventricle. Additional cardiac abnormalities were identified, including an atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect and marked right ventricular hypertrophy. These defects fall under the category of double-outlet right ventricle malformation. While congenital heart defects are a more recognized cause of cardiac failure and mortality in calves, they should remain a consideration in cases of sudden death, even in adult cattle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15172550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T14:02:46Z","timestamp":1756735366000},"page":"2550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Double-Outlet Right Ventricular Malformation in a Two-Year-Old Aberdeen Angus Cow"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Baker","family":"White","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24601, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5115-9949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco R.","family":"Carvallo-Chaigneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24601, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9558-0615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Cecere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24601, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8230-2237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harold","family":"Mckenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24601, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7483-062X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulio","family":"Menciotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24601, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5842-2378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebasti\u00e1n G.","family":"Uma\u00f1a Sed\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24601, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2174\/157340310791162703","article-title":"Genetics of Congenital Heart Disease","volume":"6","author":"Richards","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. 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