{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:55:21Z","timestamp":1792803321903,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Research Program of the Khon Kaen University","award":["RP68-1-RCRI-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP68-1-RCRI-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03cq4gr50","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Mahasarakham University","award":["RP68-1-RCRI-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RP68-1-RCRI-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0453j3c58","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Boar sperm are highly sensitive to oxidative and cold-induced stress during storage, which compromises their functional integrity. This study evaluated the dose-dependent effects of L-serine, an amino acid involved in glutathione synthesis and membrane stabilization, on boar sperm quality under chilled (17 \u00b0C) and cryopreserved conditions. Ejaculates from fertile boars were extended with Modena-based media supplemented with 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 mM L-serine. Sperm quality parameters, including motility, viability, mitochondrial activity, acrosome integrity, lipid peroxidation (measured by malondialdehyde (MDA)), and antioxidant enzyme activity, were assessed over five days for chilled semen and post-thaw for cryopreserved samples. L-serine at 3 mM was most effective in maintaining chilled semen quality, as evidenced by superior motility, viability, and acrosome integrity by Day 5, accompanied by lower MDA levels and increased glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. In contrast, 1 mM was optimal for cryopreserved semen, improving post-thaw motility, mitochondrial activity, and antioxidant defense while reducing lipid peroxidation. Higher concentrations (\u22655 mM) consistently impaired sperm function, likely due to osmotic stress or redox imbalance. These findings indicate that L-serine enhances boar sperm preservation in a concentration- and method-specific manner, with 3 mM supplementation most effective for chilled storage, and 1 mM for cryopreservation. This study supports the inclusion of amino acid antioxidants in extender formulations to improve semen preservation in swine artificial insemination systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15182670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T12:08:16Z","timestamp":1757678896000},"page":"2670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dose-Dependent Effects of L-Serine Supplementation on Boar Sperm Quality During Chilled and Cryopreserved Storage"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3619-8680","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vibuntita","family":"Chankitisakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"},{"name":"Network Center for Animal Breeding and Omics Research, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Himalai","family":"Saiyamanon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2239-2300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wuttigrai","family":"Boonkum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"},{"name":"Network Center for Animal Breeding and Omics Research, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4100-7570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eakapol","family":"Wangkahart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai 44150, Maha Sarakham, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruthaiporn","family":"Ratchamak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Network Center for Animal Breeding and Omics Research, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"},{"name":"Major of Animal Science, Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai 44150, Maha Sarakham, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.56808\/2985-1130.3030","article-title":"Cryopreservation of boar semen: Where we are","volume":"50","author":"Chanapiwat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thai J. 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