{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:46:06Z","timestamp":1760060766503,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of two doses of hCG (100 and 300 IU) administered at two different times after fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) on some response variables related to early fetal loss and total litter weight in goats during the reproductive transition period. Crossbred multiparous goats (n = 40) were subjected to an estrus induction protocol, subsequently inseminated, and randomly distributed into five experimental groups (n = 8): (1). G100-7, 100 IU hCG, 7 d post FTAI; (2). G100-14, 100 IU hCG, 14 days post FTAI; (3). G300-7, 300 IU hCG, 7 d post FTAI; (4). G300-14, 300 IU hCG, 14 days post FTAI; and (5). CONT, 0.5 mL of saline solution, 7 and 14 days post FTAI. The variables of corpus luteum area, embryonic implantation rate, embryonic efficiency index 1 and 2, conception rate, fertility rate, fecundity rate, fetal losses at days 30 and 45, total fetal losses, and the total weight of the litter favored G300-14. The use of hCG (300 IU) in the reproductive transition period is an effective reproductive strategy, reducing early fetal losses, improving embryonic efficiency, and increasing total litter weight, all of which are fundamental to the reproductive success of marginal goat production systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15182704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T16:27:33Z","timestamp":1757953653000},"page":"2704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exogenous hCG Reduces Fetal Losses and Increases Litter Weight in Rangeland Goats During FTAI Protocol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1642-3916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge A.","family":"Bustamante-Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Laguna, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torre\u00f3n 27054, Coahuila, Mexico"},{"name":"Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia, Universidad Ju\u00e1rez del Estado de Durango, Venecia 35111, Durango, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0289-2009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar A.","family":"Meza-Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas \u00c1ridas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Chapingo, Bermejillo 35230, Durango, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Angel-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Laguna, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torre\u00f3n 27054, Coahuila, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8184-494X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma Silvia","family":"Castillo-Zu\u00f1iga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Laguna, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torre\u00f3n 27054, Coahuila, Mexico"},{"name":"Centro de Bachillerato Tecnol\u00f3gico Agropecuario No. 1, Torre\u00f3n 27410, Coahuila, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amaury","family":"Esquivel-Romo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia, Universidad Ju\u00e1rez del Estado de Durango, Venecia 35111, Durango, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5491-0662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeles","family":"De Santiago-Miramontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Laguna, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torre\u00f3n 27054, Coahuila, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvestre","family":"Moreno-Avalos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Laguna, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torre\u00f3n 27054, Coahuila, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6134-0218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mart\u00edn Alfredo","family":"Legarreta-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Tecnologica de la Tarahumara, Guachochi 33180, Chihuahua, Mexico"},{"name":"Posgraduate Department, Fatima Campus, University of Makeni (UniMak), Makeni City 00232, Sierra Leone"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9198-5372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viridiana","family":"Contreras-Villarreal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Laguna, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torre\u00f3n 27054, Coahuila, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5105-1508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco G.","family":"V\u00e9liz-Deras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Laguna, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Agraria Antonio Narro, Torre\u00f3n 27054, Coahuila, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Dairy goat production systems in dry areas: Status-quo, perspectives and challenges","volume":"45","author":"Wurzinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trop. 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