{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T17:14:58Z","timestamp":1776705298177,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32400923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32400923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sichuan Science and Technology Program","award":["2024NSFSC1226"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024NSFSC1226"]}]},{"name":"Key Projects of Philosophy and Social Sciences","award":["21JZD063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21JZD063"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Humans show neural specificity in processing animal-related information, especially regarding companion animals. However, the underlying cognitive mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study\u2019s main objective is to investigate human neural specificity in processing companion animal-related information, compared to other animal types and inanimate objects. Forty participants viewed four image types (companion animals, neutral animals, positive objects, neutral objects) during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans and judged image categories. T-test results showed: 1. Processing companion animal-related information elicited specific brain activation in the right Inferior Parietal Lobe (right IPL), right Middle Occipital Gyrus (right MOG), left Superior Frontal Gyrus (left SFG), and left Precuneus (left PCu) (&lt;0.05). 2. Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction (gPPI) analysis revealed specific functional connectivity changes between relevant brain regions during companion animal info processing (&lt;0.05). 3. Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) analysis showed significant intrinsic connectivity differences between pet owners and non-pet owners: specifically, left IPL to left PCu and right ACC to right MOG (posterior probability, Pp &gt; 0.95). The results of this study demonstrate that humans exhibit distinct neural specificity when processing information related to companion animals compared with livestock and inanimate objects. This neural specificity involves brain regions linked to higher-order cognitive functions (e.g., visual processing, emotion, and attachment), all of which are integral components of the human attachment network. These regions are part of the human attachment network, and their functional role likely relates to attachment mechanisms. These findings help clarify companion animals\u2019 impact on human neural activity during human\u2013animal interactions and guide applications like animal-assisted therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15213162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T07:29:42Z","timestamp":1761895782000},"page":"3162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Specific Neural Mechanisms Underlying Humans\u2019 Processing of Information Related to Companion Animals: A Comparison with Domestic Animals and Objects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Heng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing\u2019an Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu 610068, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5032-9141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinqi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing\u2019an Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu 610068, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing\u2019an Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu 610068, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5555-6215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wuji","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing\u2019an Road, Jinjiang District, Chengdu 610068, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Sanders, S. 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