{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T10:23:52Z","timestamp":1763029432461,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Inflammation is a common reason for dogs to present to veterinary clinics. Early diagnosis of systemic inflammation is important. Acute phase proteins, like C-reactive protein, are useful but not specific to infection. In human medicine, the intensive care infection score (ICIS) offers a faster, cost-effective alternative using advanced hematological parameters. While ICIS is not available for veterinary use, some components (e.g., neutrophil side fluorescent light) can be measured using analyzers like the Sysmex XN-1000V. Objectives: This study aimed to establish a control group of healthy dogs for the novel parameters neutrophil side fluorescent light (NE-SFL), neutrophil side scattered light (NE-SSC), and neutrophil forward scattered light (NE-FSC) and assess their utility in detecting inflammation in diseases such as sepsis, pyometra, steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), and idiopathic epilepsy. Methods &amp; Results: Value ranges were calculated based on 21 healthy dogs. Compared to controls, NE-SFL levels were significantly elevated in sepsis, pyometra, and SRMA, while NE-SSC was only elevated in sepsis and pyometra and NE-FSC only in sepsis. No increases were observed in idiopathic epilepsy. Manual gating of the white blood cell differential scattergram was necessary in samples showing high neutrophil toxicity and the presence of bands. Conclusion: NE-SFL and NE-SSC, obtainable from routine complete blood count, may serve as novel, accessible markers for inflammation in dogs. Further research is needed to validate their broader diagnostic use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15223275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T09:59:09Z","timestamp":1763027949000},"page":"3275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Novel Neutrophilic Parameters of the Sysmex XN-1000V for the Prediction of Inflammation in Dogs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Leandra C.","family":"Sch\u00f6b","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Services and Diagnostics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Ginder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sysmex Europe SE, 22297 Norderstedt, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Stirn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, 4070 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9750-4296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina","family":"Hofmann-Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Services and Diagnostics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heiner M.","family":"Hipp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2848-2091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Riond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Services and Diagnostics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Zachary, J.F. (2021). Pathologic Basics of Veterinary Diseases, Elsevier. [7th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060514557711","article-title":"Intensive Care Infection Score\u2014A new approach to distinguish between infectious and noninfectious processes in intensive care and medicosurgical patients","volume":"43","author":"Weimann","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1366-6","article-title":"The intensive care infection score\u2014A novel marker for the prediction of infection and its severity","volume":"20","author":"Mohseni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1556\/EuJMI.4.2014.1.1","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of sepsis: New aspects and recent developments","volume":"4","author":"Liesenfeld","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2007.02.003","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in patients with severe burn injury: What is the best indicator of sepsis?","volume":"33","author":"Vandijck","year":"2007","journal-title":"Burns"},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Raskin, R., Latimer, K., and Tvedten, H. (2004). Small Animal Clinical Diagnosis by Laboratory Methods, Elsevier Health Sciences."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2010.04.009","article-title":"Acute phase proteins: Biomarkers of infection and inflammation in veterinary medicine","volume":"185","author":"Eckersall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2005.tb00019.x","article-title":"Acute phase proteins in dogs and cats: Current knowledge and future perspectives","volume":"34","author":"Ceron","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7019","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.12.7019","article-title":"C-reactive protein mediates protection from lipopolysaccharide through interactions with Fc gamma R","volume":"169","author":"Mold","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.5858\/2010-0258-OA.1","article-title":"Age-dependent reference ranges for automated assessment of immature granulocytes and clinical significance in an outpatient setting","volume":"135","author":"Roehrl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/s12288-023-01687-6","article-title":"A Comparative Evaluation of Performance of Sysmex XN 3000 and Horiba Yumizen H2500 Automated Complete Blood Count Analysers","volume":"40","author":"Bhola","year":"2024","journal-title":"Indian J. Hematol. Blood Transfus."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.70029","article-title":"The Value of Neutrophil Cell Population Data Parameters as Markers of Systemic Inflammation in Dogs and Cats","volume":"54","author":"Williams","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ginders, J., Stirn, M., Novacco, M., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., and Riond, B. (2024). Validation of the Sysmex XN-V Automated Nucleated Red Blood Cell Enumeration for Canine and Feline EDTA-Anticoagulated Blood. Animals, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14030455"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12936","article-title":"Validation of the Sysmex XN-V hematology analyzer for canine specimens","volume":"50","author":"Grebert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lapsina, S., Riond, B., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., and Stirn, M. (2024). Canine Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis Using Two New Automated Techniques: The Sysmex XN-V Body Fluid Mode and an Artificial-Intelligence-Based Algorithm. Animals, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14111655"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lapsina, S., Riond, B., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., and Stirn, M. (2024). Comparison of Sysmex XN-V body fluid mode and deep-learning-based quantification with manual techniques for total nucleated cell count and differential count for equine bronchoalveolar lavage samples. BMC Vet. Res., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-024-03884-5"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"179","article-title":"The technology of reagents in the automated hematology analyzer XE-2100TM\u2014Red fluorescence reaction","volume":"9","author":"Matsumoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sysmex J. Int."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4361844","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/4361844","article-title":"NEUT-SFL in Patients with COVID-ARDS: A Novel Biomarker for Thrombotic Events?","volume":"2021","author":"Stiel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dis. Markers"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1132","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001851","article-title":"Neutrophil Fluorescence: A New Indicator of Cell Activation During Septic Shock-Induced Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation","volume":"44","author":"Stiel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12866","article-title":"Stability of leukocyte research parameters over time on the Sysmex XN: How to quantify the changes in cell morphology","volume":"40","author":"Perez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Lab. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1007\/s12288-020-01276-x","article-title":"Application of Sysmex XN-Series Automated Haematology Analyser in the Rapid Detection of Malaria","volume":"36","author":"Ningombam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J. Hematol. Blood Transfus."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Sysmex (2018). Messtechnologie NEUT-GI, Sysmex."},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"e40","article-title":"Cell Population Data NE-WX, NE-FSC, LY-Y of Sysmex XN-9000 can provide additional information to differentiate macrocytic anaemia from myelodysplastic syndrome: A preliminary study","volume":"44","author":"Gianotta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Lab. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Harvey, J.W. (2011). Veterinary Hematology: A Diagnostic Guide and Color Atlas, Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638720960065","article-title":"Evaluation of an automated immunoturbidimetric assay for detecting canine C-reactive protein","volume":"32","author":"Berlanda","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hindenberg, S., Klenner-Gastreich, S., Kneier, N., Zielinsky, S., Gommeren, K., Bauer, N., and Moritz, A. (2017). Evaluation of a species-specific C-reactive protein assay for the dog on the ABX Pentra 400 clinical chemistry analyzer. BMC Vet. Res., 13.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-017-1065-9"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/vcp.12220","article-title":"Age-related changes in hematologic and serum biochemical variables in dogs aged 16\u201360 days","volume":"44","author":"Rortveit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-165X.2007.tb00223.x","article-title":"Hematologic values in young pretraining healthy Greyhounds","volume":"36","author":"Shiel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1111\/vec.13293","article-title":"Evaluating the clinical utility of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria in dogs and cats presenting to an emergency department","volume":"33","author":"Spillane","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Vet. Emerg. Crit. Care"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.ACA_157_18","article-title":"Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data","volume":"22","author":"Mishra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Card. Anaesth."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2017.32.7.1072","article-title":"Statistical Data Editing in Scientific Articles","volume":"32","author":"Habibzadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"69","article-title":"Statistics corner: A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research","volume":"24","author":"Mukaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Malawi Med. J."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kuckartz, U., R\u00e4diker, S., Ebert, T., and Schehl, J. (2013). Statistik: Eine Verst\u00e4ndliche Einf\u00fchrung, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-531-19890-3"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3326","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.160.21.3326-a","article-title":"Toxic granulation neutrophils and C-reactive protein","volume":"160","author":"Kabutomori","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0b013e32835f5933","article-title":"Red cell indices in classification and treatment of anemias: From M.M. Wintrobes\u2019s original 1934 classification to the third millennium","volume":"20","author":"Brugnara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2014-0482","article-title":"Diagnostic testing for a high-grade inflammation: Parameter dynamics and novel markers","volume":"53","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perez-Ecija, A., Fernandez-Castaner, J., and Martinez, C. (2024). Using RET-He and Delta-He in the Sysmex XN-1000V Analyzer to Differentiate Between Chronic Hemorrhagic and Chronic Inflammatory Anemia in Small Animals. Animals, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14223215"}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/15\/22\/3275\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T10:18:26Z","timestamp":1763029106000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/15\/22\/3275"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ani15223275"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani15223275","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]]}}}