{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T07:37:08Z","timestamp":1773733028524,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agriculture Restructurisation and Modernisation Agency","award":["00050.DDD.6509.00107.2022.07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["00050.DDD.6509.00107.2022.07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The growing greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural production are increasing the pressure on poultry producers to use practices that reduce the environmental impact of farms, mainly by reducing ammonia emissions. The study evaluated the effect of adding effective microorganisms (EMs) and zeolite to litter on productivity, meat quality, selected physiological parameters, and air and litter quality in broiler chickens. In the experimental group, zeolite was applied at 3 kg\/10 kg to the litter, and it was sprayed with a solution of EMs and water in a 1:4 ratio. Spraying was repeated weekly until the end of the production cycle. The litter additives reduced the moisture content and pH of the litter (p &lt; 0.05) in the experimental group. This group also showed lower air humidity (p &lt; 0.01) and reduced levels of ammonia and carbon dioxide compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05). A positive effect of litter additives on production results and the health of broiler chickens was noted. In summary, the addition of 3 kg\/10 kg of zeolite to the litter, combined with spraying the litter with a 1:4 solution of EMs and water, can contribute to reducing the emission of harmful gas admixtures generated on broiler farms without negatively affecting production efficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16060911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T15:06:22Z","timestamp":1773414382000},"page":"911","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Using Effective Microorganisms (EMs) and Zeolite on the Development of Productivity and Air and Litter Quality in Broiler Chicken Rearing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3720-1685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ewa","family":"Sosn\u00f3wka-Czajka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1241-7703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iwona","family":"Skomorucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4713-9902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Wojtysiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24\/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0069-0550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena E.","family":"Skalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics, M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland"},{"name":"Centre for Theranostics, Jagiellonian University, 31-501 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrycja","family":"Adamczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Poultry Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1111\/reel.12448","article-title":"Achieving agricultural greenhouse gas emission reductions in the EU post-2030: What options do we have?","volume":"31","author":"Verschuuren","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev. Eur. Comp. Int. Environ. Law"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2026, January 12). Database\u2014Eurostat. 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