{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:50:26Z","timestamp":1790913026455,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund, ECSFR, CAFS","award":["2022ZD03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZD03"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024YFD2401702"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFD2401702"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study explored the physiological responses and gene expression profiles of the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) and the hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) under heat and hyposaline stress. Experimental conditions involved increasing the temperature from 25 \u00b0C to 35 \u00b0C and decreasing salinity from 25 ppt to 15 ppt over a 6 h acclimation period, followed by 72 h exposure. Key physiological and immune indicators, including filtration rate, oxygen consumption rate, ammonia excretion rate, and the expression of related genes, were measured. Under heat stress, R. philippinarum exhibited higher filtration, oxygen consumption, and ammonia excretion rates than M. mercenaria at most sampling time points. The expression of fatty acid desaturase (\u03946FAD) and heat shock protein (HSP70) genes increased and then decreased for both species, whereas superoxide dismutase (Cu\/Zn SOD) gene expression gradually decreased over time. Furthermore, the expression levels of all three genes were generally significantly higher in M. mercenaria compared to R. philippinarum. Under hyposaline stress, R. philippinarum exhibited significantly higher filtration, oxygen consumption, and ammonia excretion rates than M. mercenaria between 24 h and 72 h. Expression levels of the Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA\u03b1), HSP70, and Cu\/Zn SOD genes remained higher in M. mercenaria compared to R. philippinarum. Overall, the present study indicates that M. mercenaria maintains relative stability and R. philippinarum exhibits greater physiological fluctuation under both heat and hyposaline stress. This study highlights bivalve species-specific responses to environmental stressors and provides valuable insights for aquaculture planning and ecological management in different environmental regions, particularly in the context of global climate change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16081243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T16:30:36Z","timestamp":1776443436000},"page":"1243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative Response of Ruditapes philippinarum and Mercenaria mercenaria to Acute Heat and Hyposaline Stress"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Maolong","family":"Yi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fisheries College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China"},{"name":"East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaoran","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4741-9162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Baojun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9395-3119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanfeng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21890","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78923-w","article-title":"Population genetics of the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) in East Asia","volume":"10","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. 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