{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T20:48:20Z","timestamp":1777322900147,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>X-linked dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy (DD-MD) is an uncommon neuromuscular disorder in cats. We described an adult male cat with chronic tongue protrusion, dysphagia, muscle hypertrophy, and a history of rhabdomyolysis associated with anesthesia. Clinical pathology revealed markedly increased CK activity, muscle histopathology demonstrated a dystrophic phenotype, and an absence of dystrophin protein was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining. Whole genome sequencing identified two potential disease-causing variants, including a new missense variant in the DMD gene (c.2207T&gt;C; p.Gln736Arg), which was considered causative of the clinical phenotype. A second variant in the CLIC2 gene was also detected but was considered unlikely to cause myopathic signs. The clinical course remained stable over 1.5 years with supportive management and dietary modification, and no further episodes of rhabdomyolysis occurred. This case expands the known spectrum of feline DMD variants and highlights the value of genetic testing combined with muscle histopathology for diagnosing chronic presentations of MD. Avoidance of inhalant anesthetics may be important in managing affected cats due to the risk of acute muscle injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16081278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T16:10:44Z","timestamp":1776787844000},"page":"1278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["X-Linked Muscular Dystrophy in a Cat with a Putative Variant in the DMD Gene"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0236-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harry","family":"Cridge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2718-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caylen","family":"Erger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6755-9800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyan","family":"Thelen Strong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling T.","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, LaJolla, CA 92093, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2367-5508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics and Analytics Core, University of Missouri-Colombia, Colombia, MO 65211, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunhui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics and Analytics Core, University of Missouri-Colombia, Colombia, MO 65211, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3332-1359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. Diane","family":"Shelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comparative Neuromuscular Laboratory, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, LaJolla, CA 92093, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"909","article-title":"Feline muscular dystrophy with dystrophin deficiency","volume":"135","author":"Carpenter","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. 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