{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T05:10:43Z","timestamp":1778130643811,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Domes Pharma","award":["."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intravenous lipid therapy (ILE) is used to treat neurotoxicosis in companion animals, but clinical evidence for in vivo xenobiotic partitioning and benefit remains limited. This study evaluated associations between the log n-octanol\/water partition coefficient (log P), in vivo plasma partitioning, and early neurological outcome. In this case series from eight veterinary hospitals, dogs and cats with suspected neurotoxicosis received ILE. Blood collected before and at the end of infusion was separated into lipid and aqueous fractions and analyzed by gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry. Log P values were retrieved from PubChem. Outcome (improvement vs. no-improvement) was the change from ILE-start to 4\u20136 h later. Thirty-four cases were analyzed (27 dogs and seven cats; 17 different xenobiotics were identified). At the end of infusion, xenobiotic lipid fraction concentrations exceeded aqueous concentrations in 28\/34 cases, and log P did not correlate with the lipid-to-aqueous ratio. Improvement occurred in 14\/34 animals and was associated with higher lipid-to-aqueous xenobiotic ratios (geometric mean ratio 5.7; 95% CI 1.73\u201319.05; p = 0.007). Overall, in vivo lipid sequestration was frequent and was associated with early neurological improvement, whereas log P alone did not predict partitioning or outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16091352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:26:41Z","timestamp":1777382801000},"page":"1352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy on Xenobiotic Plasma Partitioning and Short-Term Neurological Outcome in Companion Animals with Suspected Neurotoxicosis: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1054-1437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arne","family":"Voorhorst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.154, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7269-8450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Pouzot-Nevoret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit (SIAMU), Agressions Pulmonaires et Circulatoires dans le Sepsis, VetAgro Sup, Campus V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, 69280 Marcy-l\u2019\u00c9toile, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2646-9216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes C. M.","family":"Vernooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Farm Animal Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1465-7563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Combet-Curt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre Hospitalier V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire Saint-Martin, 74350 Allonzier-la-Caille, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5007-3820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Berny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interactions Cellules Environnement, VetAgro Sup, Campus V\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de Lyon, Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, 69280 Marcy-l\u2019\u00c9toile, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1753-4637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arjen","family":"Koppen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dutch Poisons Information Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8606-4096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joris H.","family":"Robben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.154, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1024\/0036-7281.151.6.265","article-title":"Von Hanf bis Schokolade: Tiervergiftungen im Wandel der Zeit. Eine retrospektive Aufarbeitung der Kasuistik des Schweizerischen Toxikologischen Informationszentrums (1997\u20132006)","volume":"151","author":"Curti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2009.03.034","article-title":"Animal poisoning in Europe. Part 2: Companion animals","volume":"183","author":"Berny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. 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