{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T09:51:08Z","timestamp":1782899468100,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The role of birds of the Strigiformes order in the transmission of globally distributed Sarcocystis parasites remains insufficiently studied. In the present work we aimed to evaluate the diversity of Sarcocystis species in the intestines of 22 naturally infected Tawny Owls (Strix aluco) sampled in Lithuania. The Sarcocystis infection was established using combined light microscopy and DNA sequence analysis. Samples were analyzed using Sarcocystis-genus and species-specific primers in nested PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Sporocysts of Sarcocystis spp. were detected in 45.5% of samples, while 77.3% of samples were positive by molecular methods. Comparison of 28S rRNA and ITS1 sequences obtained and phylogenetic analyses indicated the presence of eight Sarcocystis taxa: S. halieti, S. kutkienae, S. turdusi, and Sarcocystis sp. ex Corvus corax, associated with birds, and S. funereus, S. glareoli, Sarcocystis sp. LT24Sa1, and Sarcocystis sp. LT24Sa11, associated with small mammals. Our results supplement previous findings that some Sarcocystis species can be transmitted by birds of three orders: Accipitriformes, Falconiformes, and Strigiformes. Overall, the low burden of sporocysts and predominance of single-species infections (63.6%) suggest that Tawny Owls transmit a limited number of Sarcocystis species associated with small mammals and birds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16132009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T08:19:02Z","timestamp":1782893942000},"page":"2009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular and Microscopic Identification of Sarcocystis spp. in the Intestines of the Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) in Lithuania"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5115-2659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petras","family":"Prakas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saulius","family":"Rumbutis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania"},{"name":"Tadas Ivanauskas Zoological Museum, Laisv\u0117s 106, 44253 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktorija","family":"Levinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tautvil\u0117","family":"\u0160ukyt\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7702-1817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelina","family":"Juozaityt\u0117-Ngugu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giedr\u0117","family":"Pakeltyt\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tadas Ivanauskas Zoological Museum, Laisv\u0117s 106, 44253 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2892-0493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalius","family":"Butkaukas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3544-5507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saulius","family":"\u0160va\u017eas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Scientific Research Institute Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dubey, J.P., Calero-Bernal, R., Rosenthal, B.M., Speer, C.A., and Fayer, R. (2016). Sarcocystosis of Animals and Humans, CRC Press. [2nd ed.].","DOI":"10.1201\/b19184"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00113-14","article-title":"Human Infections with Sarcocystis Species","volume":"28","author":"Fayer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2021.02.008","article-title":"Zoonotic Sarcocystis","volume":"136","author":"Rosenthal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2025.110413","article-title":"Sarcocystis Infection in Domestic and Wild Avian Hosts: Inseparable Flight Partners","volume":"335","author":"Prakas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juozaityt\u0117-Ngugu, E., \u0160va\u017eas, S., \u0160neideris, D., Rudaityt\u0117-Luko\u0161ien\u0117, E., Butkauskas, D., and Prakas, P. (2021). The Role of Birds of the Family Corvidae in Transmitting Sarcocystis Protozoan Parasites. Animals, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11113258"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0160ukyt\u0117, T., Butkauskas, D., Juozaityt\u0117-Ngugu, E., \u0160va\u017eas, S., and Prakas, P. (2023). Molecular Confirmation of Accipiter Birds of Prey as Definitive Hosts of Numerous Sarcocystis Species, Including Sarcocystis sp., Closely Related to Pathogenic S. calchasi. Pathogens, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12060752"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e006225","DOI":"10.29374\/2527-2179.bjvm006225","article-title":"Developmental Stages of Sarcocystis spp. in Wild Birds from Southeastern Brazil, with a Review of Accipitriformes-Associated Species","volume":"48","author":"Cid","year":"2026","journal-title":"Braz. J. Vet. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2009.03.004","article-title":"Non-Invasive Methods for Identifying Oocysts of Sarcocystis spp. from Definitive Hosts","volume":"58","author":"Xiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasitol. Int."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-025-10804-x","article-title":"High Richness of Ungulate Sarcocystis Species in Intestines of the Grey Wolf (Canis lupus) from Lithuania","volume":"49","author":"Kalashnikova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2017.06.004","article-title":"Molecular Characterization of Sarcocystis spp. in Intestine Mucosal Scrapings and Fecal Samples of Pampas Fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus)","volume":"66","author":"Scioscia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitol. Int."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, Z., Sun, J., Hu, J., Song, J., Deng, S., Zhu, N., Yang, Y., and Tao, J. (2022). Morphological and Molecular Characterization, and Demonstration of a Definitive Host, for Sarcocystis masoni from an Alpaca (Vicugna pacos) in China. Biology, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11071016"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gudi\u0161kis, N., Prakas, P., Beck, R., Figueiredo, A., Juozaityt\u0117-Ngugu, E., Bal\u010diauskas, L., Calero-Bernal, R., Gagovi\u0107, E., Torres, R.T., and Hip\u00f3lito, D. (2026). Molecular Evidence of the Role of the Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) in the Epidemiology of Ungulate-Related Sarcocystis Species in Croatia, Lithuania, and Portugal. Animals, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16040538"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2025.3255-3267","article-title":"Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Sarcocystis cooperii n. sp. and Related Sarcocystis Species in Three Colombian Avian Hosts","volume":"18","author":"Llano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vet. World."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2021.12.008","article-title":"Sarcocystis calchasi and Other Sarcocystidae Detected in Predatory Birds in California, USA","volume":"17","author":"Rogers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakas, P., Jasiulionis, M., \u0160ukyt\u0117, T., Juozaityt\u0117-Ngugu, E., Stirk\u0117, V., Bal\u010diauskas, L., and Butkauskas, D. (2024). First Observations of Buzzards (Buteo) as Definitive Hosts of Sarcocystis Parasites Forming Cysts in the Brain Tissues of Rodents in Lithuania. Biology, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology13040264"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0160ukyt\u0117, T., Juozaityt\u0117-Ngugu, E., \u0160va\u017eas, S., Butkauskas, D., and Prakas, P. (2024). The Genetic Identification of Numerous Apicomplexan Sarcocystis Species in Intestines of Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo). Animals, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14162391"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Juozaityt\u0117-Ngugu, E., \u0160va\u017eas, S., Bea, A., \u0160neideris, D., Villan\u00faa, D., Butkauskas, D., and Prakas, P. (2025). Molecular Confirmation of Raptors from Spain as Definitive Hosts of Numerous Sarcocystis Species. Animals, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani15050646"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"401","article-title":"Cycle de D\u00e9velopment Sarcosporidien d\u2019une Coccidie, Chez la Souris, apr\u00e8s Infestation des Animaux par des Oocystes-sporocystes Isol\u00e9s de l\u2019intestin de la Chouette Effraie (Tyto alba)","volume":"13","year":"1977","journal-title":"Protistologica"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2118","DOI":"10.1139\/z88-314","article-title":"Description of a Species of Sarcocystis (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae), a Parasite of the Northern Saw-Whet Owl, Aegolius acadicus, and Experimental Transmission to Deer Mice Peromyscus maniculatus","volume":"66","author":"Espinosa","year":"1988","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00e1ca, O., Kouba, M., Langrov\u00e1, I., Pansk\u00e1, L., Korpim\u00e4ki, E., and Gonz\u00e1lez-Sol\u00eds, D. (2024). The Tengmalm\u2019s Owl Aegolius funereus (Aves, Strigidae) as the Definitive Host of Sarcocystis funereus sp. nov. (Apicomplexa). Front. Vet. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1356549"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1139\/z84-036","article-title":"Description of Sarcocystis rauschorum sp. n. (Protozoa: Sarcocystidae) with Experimental Cyclic Transmission Between Varying Lemmings (Dicrostonyx richardsoni) and Snowy Owls (Nyctea scandiaca)","volume":"62","author":"Cawthorn","year":"1984","journal-title":"Can. J. Zool."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(79)90108-1","article-title":"Successful Rodent to Rodent Transmission of Sarcocystis sebeki by Inoculation of Precystic Schizogonic Stages","volume":"73","author":"Tadros","year":"1979","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1645\/16-173","article-title":"Sarcocystis strixi n. sp. from a Barred Owl (Strix varia) Definitive Host and Interferon Gamma Gene Knockout Mice as Experimental Intermediate Host","volume":"103","author":"Verma","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00933927","article-title":"Muscular Sarcosporidiosis in the Common European Weasel, Mustela nivalis","volume":"58","author":"Tadros","year":"1979","journal-title":"Z. Parasitenkd."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"Kurlavi\u010dius, P., Preik\u0161a, \u017d., Skuja, S., Kirstukas, M., Brazaitis, G., Stanevi\u010dius, V., Ma\u010diulis, M., Jusys, V., Butleris, A., and Raudonikis, L. (2006). Lithuanian Breeding Bird Atlas, Lutut\u0117 Press."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1080\/00063657.2017.1369001","article-title":"Adaptive Habitat Preferences in the Tawny Owl (Strix aluco)","volume":"64","author":"Rumbutis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bird Study"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952836904004881","article-title":"A Telemetry Study of the Social Organization of a Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) Population","volume":"263","author":"Sunde","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/13921657.2006.10512708","article-title":"Diet of Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) and Long-Eared Owl (Asio otus) in Lithuania as Found from Pellets","volume":"16","author":"Skuja","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Zool. Litu."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20D.1.1","DOI":"10.1002\/cpmc.32","article-title":"Isolation, Culture and Cryopreservation of Sarcocystis Species","volume":"45","author":"Verma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3501","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4062-y","article-title":"Molecular Characterisation of Sarcocystis rileyi from a Common eider (Somateria mollissima) in Norway","volume":"113","author":"Gjerde","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3663","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-018-6083-4","article-title":"Morphological and Genetic Characterisation of Sarcocystis halieti from the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)","volume":"117","author":"Prakas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakas, P., Stirk\u0117, V., \u0160neideris, D., Rakauskait\u0117, P., Butkauskas, D., and Bal\u010diauskas, L. (2023). Protozoan Parasites of Sarcocystis spp. in Rodents from Commercial Orchards. Animals, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13132087"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rudaityt\u0117-Luko\u0161ien\u0117, E., Jasiulionis, M., Bal\u010diauskas, L., Prakas, P., Stirk\u0117, V., and Butkauskas, D. (2022). Morphological and Molecular Description of Sarcocystis myodes n. sp. from the Bank Vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) in Lithuania. Biology, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11040512"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2689","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06393-9","article-title":"Morphological and Molecular Description of Sarcocystis ratti n. sp. from the Black Rat (Rattus rattus) in Latvia","volume":"118","author":"Prakas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"msae263","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msae263","article-title":"Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 12 for adaptive and green computing","volume":"41","author":"Kumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"9","article-title":"PAST: Paleontological Statistics Software Package for Education and Data Analysis","volume":"4","author":"Hammer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Palaeontol. Electron."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/s11686-025-01181-1","article-title":"Prevalence and Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Sarcocystis glareoli from Brain Samples of Small Mammals Captured in Lithuania","volume":"71","author":"Prakas","year":"2026","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sarcocystis and related coccidian parasites: A brief General Review, Together with a Discussion on Some Biological Aspects of their Life Cycles and a New Proposal for their Classification","volume":"44","author":"Tadros","year":"1976","journal-title":"Acta Leiden."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-13.2.205","article-title":"A Species of Sarcocystis using Owls as Definitive Hosts","volume":"13","author":"Munday","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2017.12.001","article-title":"Molecular Identification of Sarcocystis halieti n. sp., Sarcocystis lari and Sarcocystis truncata in the Intestine of a White-Tailed Sea Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) in Norway","volume":"7","author":"Gjerde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2009.04.015","article-title":"Pseudoparasitism by Calodium hepaticum (syn. Capillaria hepatica; Hepaticola hepatica) in the Negro River, Brazilian Amazon","volume":"103","author":"Silva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.4103\/tp.tp_69_25","article-title":"Not Everything That Wiggles Is a Worm: Pseudoparasites in Parasitology","volume":"15","author":"Singh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Trop. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-021-07409-z","article-title":"Investigations on Sarcocystis Species in the Leg Muscles of the Bird Family Corvidae in Lithuania","volume":"121","author":"Butkauskas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0160idlauskas, G., Juozaityt\u0117-Ngugu, E., Butkauskas, D., and Prakas, P. (2026). Microscopic and Molecular Identification of Sarcocystis Species in Wild Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Lithuania and Latvia. Animals, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16020331"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.1994.tb01494.x","article-title":"Investigations on the Host Specificity of Dihomoxenous Sarcosporidia in the Intermediate and Definitive Host","volume":"41","author":"Bannert","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Eukaryot. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz-Caro, T., Toledo Fuentes, M.J., P\u00e9rez Silva, E., Abarca Garrido, C., Hidalgo, A., Fonseca Salamanca, F., Zambrano, F., Hamid, P.H., G\u00e4rtner, U., and Hermosilla, C. (2026). First Identification of Pathogenic and Zoonotic-Relevant Sarcocystis hominis and Other Sarcocystis Species in Slaughtered Cattle in Chile. Animals, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16050697"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-025-06660-y","article-title":"High, But Variable Prevalence of Sarcocystis cruzi Infections in Farm-Raised American Bison (Bison bison) Beef Destined for Human Consumption","volume":"18","author":"Gupta","year":"2025","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00e1ca, O., Gudi\u0161kis, N., Butkauskas, D., Gonz\u00e1lez-Sol\u00eds, D., and Prakas, P. (2024). Red Foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and Raccoon Dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) as Potential Spreaders of Sarcocystis Species. Front. Vet. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2024.1392618"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2025.101140","article-title":"High Prevalence of Sarcocystis spp. in the Eurasian Wolf (Canis lupus lupus): Third-Generation Sequencing Resolves Mixed Infections","volume":"28","author":"Marti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol. Parasites Wildl."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879100300115","article-title":"Fatal Cutaneous and Visceral Infection in a Rottweiler Dog Associated with a Sarcocystis-like Protozoon","volume":"3","author":"Dubey","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Vet. Diagn. Investig."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2307\/3284422","article-title":"Fatal Hepatic Sarcocystosis in Two Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus)","volume":"83","author":"Garner","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"101122","article-title":"Gray Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) Identified as a New Intermediate Host for Sarcocystis neurona","volume":"56","author":"Dubey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-024-01647-5","article-title":"Molecular Identification of Sarcocystis neurona in Tissues of Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in the Border Region between Brazil and Uruguay","volume":"48","author":"Roman","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Parasit. Dis."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/13921657.2003.10512539","article-title":"The First Data on Brain Parasites of the Genus Frenkelia (Protista: Coccidia) in Some Small Rodent Species in Lithuania","volume":"13","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Zool. Litu."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/13921657.2005.10512384","article-title":"Investigations into Endoparasites of Small Mammals in the Environs of Lake Dr\u016bk\u0161iai","volume":"15","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Zool. Litu."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.2478\/s11756-009-0036-4","article-title":"Seasonal and Habitat Variation in the Diet of the Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) in Central Poland During Unusually Warm Years","volume":"64","author":"Romanowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biologia"},{"key":"ref_57","unstructured":"Kontrimavi\u010dius, V.L., Kazlauskas, R., and Logminas, V. (1990). Fauna of Lithuania. Birds, Mokslas."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3161\/00016454AO2016.51.2.003","article-title":"Breeding Performance, Apparent Survival, Nesting Location and Diet in a Local Population of the Tawny Owl Strix aluco in Central Lithuania over the Long-Term","volume":"51","author":"Rumbutis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Ornithol."},{"key":"ref_59","first-page":"251","article-title":"Heteroxenous Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) in the Populations of Their Final and Intermediate Hosts: European Buzzard and Small Mammals","volume":"43","author":"Vo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Protozool."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prakas, P., Gudi\u0161kis, N., Kitryt\u0117, N., Bagdonait\u0117, D.L., and Baltr\u016bnait\u0117, L. (2024). Detection of Three Sarcocystis Species (Apicomplexa) in Blood Samples of the Bank Vole and Yellow-Necked Mouse from Lithuania. Life, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/life14030365"}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/16\/13\/2009\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T09:34:15Z","timestamp":1782898455000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/16\/13\/2009"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["ani16132009"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani16132009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]}}}